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Hands > Shoulder & Arm Muscles > Flashcards

Shoulder & Arm Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Deltoid (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Lateral one-third of clavicle
- Acromion
- Spine of scapula

Insertion:
- Deltoid tuberosity

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2
Q

Deltoid (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
1. All fibers:
- Abduct the shoulder (glenohumeral joint)
2. Anterior fibers:
- Flex the shoulder
- Medially rotate the shoulder
- Horizontally adduct the shoulder.
3. Posterior fibers:
- Extend the shoulder
- Laterally rotate the shoulder
- Horizontally ABduct the shoulder

Innervation:
- Axillary (C5,6)

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3
Q

Trapezius (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- External occipital protuberance
- Medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput
- Ligamentum nuchae
- Spinous processes of C7 thru T12

Insertion:
- Lateral one-third of clavicle
- Acromion
- Spine of the scapula

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4
Q

Trapezius (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
1. Upper Fibers:
- Bilaterally: Extend the head and neck
- Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side; Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side; Elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint); Upwardly rotate the scapula (S/T joint)
2. Middle fibers:
- Adduct the scapula (S/T joint)
- Stabilize the scapula (S/T joint)
3. Lower fibers:
- Depress the scapula (S/T joint)
- Upwardly rotate the scapula (S/T joint)

Innervation:
- Spinal portion of cranial nerve XI (accessory) and ventral ramus (C2,3,4)

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5
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Inferior angle of scapula
- Spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae
- Last three or four ribs
- Thoracolumbar fascia
- Posterior iliac crest

Insertion:
- Intertubercular groove of the humerus

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (Action/Innervation)

A

** Handcuff muscle!

Action:
- Extend the shoulder (Glenohumeral joint)
- Adduct the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Medially rotate the shoulder (G/H joint)

Innervation:
- Thoracodorsal (C6,7,8)

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7
Q

Teres Major (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Inferior angle and lower one-third of lateral border of the scapula

Insertion:
- Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

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8
Q

Teres Major (Action/Innervation)

A

** Handcuff muscle!

Action:
- Extend the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Adduct the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Medially rotate the shoulder (G/H joint)

Innervation:
- Lower subscapular (C5,6,7)

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9
Q

Supraspinatus (Origin/Insertion)

A

** Rotator Cuff Muscle

Origin:
- Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion:
- Greater tubercle of the humerus

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10
Q

Supraspinatus (Action/Innervation)

A

** Rotator Cuff Muscle

Action:
- ABduct the shoulder
- Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

Innervation:
- Suprascapular (C4,5,6)

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11
Q

Infraspinatus (Origin/Insertion)

A

** Rotator Cuff Muscle

Origin:
- Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion:
- Greater tubercle of the humerus

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12
Q

Infraspinatus (Action/Innervation)

A

** Rotator Cuff Muscle

Action:
- Laterally rotate the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Adduct the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

Innervation:
- Suprascapular (C4,5,6)

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13
Q

Teres Minor (Origin/Insertion)

A

** Rotator Cuff Muscle

Origin:
- Upper two-thirds of lateral border of the scapula

Insertion:
- Greater tubercle of the humerus

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14
Q

Teres Minor (Action/Innervation)

A

** Rotator Cuff Muscle

Action:
- Laterally rotate the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Adduct the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Innervation:
- Axillary (C5,6)

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15
Q

Subscapularis (Origin/Insertion)

A

** Rotator Cuff Muscle

Origin:
- Subscapular fossa of the scapula

Insertion:
- Lesser tubercle of the humerus

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16
Q

Subscapularis (Action/Innervation)

A

** Rotator Cuff Muscle

Action:
- Medially rotate the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Innervation:
- Upper and lower subscapular (C5,6,7)

17
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Major: Spinous processes of T2 to T5
- Minor: Spinous processes of C7 to T1

Insertion:
- Major: Medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
- Minor: Upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from the spine of the scapula

18
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
- Adduct the scapula (Scapulothoracic joint)
- Elevate the scapula (S/T joint)
- Downwardly rotate the scapula (S/T joint)

Innervation:
- Dorsal Scapular (C4,5)

19
Q

Levator Scapula (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Transverse processes of first through fourth cervical vertebrae

Insertion:
- Medial border of scapula, between the superior angle and the superior portion of spine of scapula

20
Q

Levator Scapula (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
1. Unilaterally:
- Elevate the scapula (Scapulothoracic joint)
- Downwardly rotate the scapula (S/T joint)
- Laterally flex the head and neck
- Rotate the head and neck to the same side
2. Bilaterally:
- Extend the head and neck

Innervation:
- Cervical (3,4)
- Dorsal Scapular (C4,5)

21
Q

Serratus Anterior (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- External surfaces of the upper eight or nine ribs

Insertion:
- Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

22
Q

Serratus Anterior (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
1. With the origin fixed:
- ABduct the scapula (Scapulothoracic joint)
- Upwardly rotate the scapula (S/T joint)
- Depress the scapula (S/T joint)
- Hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage
2. With the scapula fixed:
- May act to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation

Innervation:
- Long Thoracic (C5,6,7,8)

23
Q

Pectoralis Major (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Medial half of clavicle
- Sternum
- Cartilage of first through sixth ribs

Insertion:
- Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

24
Q

Pectoralis Major (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
1. All Fibers:
- Adduct the shoulder (Glenohumeral joint)
- Medially rotate the shoulder (G/H joint)
2. Upper Fibers:
- Flex the shoulder (G/H joint)
- Horizontally adduct the shoulder (G/H joint)
3. Lower Fibers:
- Extend the shoulder (G/H joint)

Innervation:
1. Upper Fibers:
- Lateral Pectoral (C5,6,7)
2. Lower Fibers:
- Lateral and Medial Pectoral (C6,7,8 & T1)

25
Q

Pectoralis Minor (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Third, fourth, & fifth ribs

Insertion:
- Medial surfaces of coracoid process of the scapula

26
Q

Pectoralis Minor (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
- Depress the scapula (Scapulothoracic joint)
- ABduct the scapula (S/T joint)
- Downwardly rotate the scapula (S/T joint)
- With the scapula fixed, assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation

Innervation:
- Medial Pectoral, with fibers from a communicating branch of the Lateral Pectoral (C6,7,8 & T1)

27
Q

Subclavius (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- First rib & cartilage

Insertion:
- Inferior surface of middle one-third of clavicle

28
Q

Subclavius (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
- Depress the clavicle and draw it anteriorly
- Elevate the first rib (to assist during inhalation)
- Stabilize the sternoclavicular joint

Innervation:
- Subclavian (C5,6)

29
Q

Biceps Brachii (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
1. Short Head:
- Coracoid process of scapula
2. Long Head:
- Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion:
- Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the biceps brachii

30
Q

Biceps Brachii (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
- Flex the elbow (Humeroulnar joint)
- Supinate the forearm (Radioulnar joint)
- Flex the shoulder (Glenohumeral joint)

Innervation:
- Musculocutaneous (C5,6)

31
Q

Triceps Brachii (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
- Lateral Head: Posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus
- Medial Head: Posterior surface of distal half of the humerus

Insertion:
- Olecranon process of the ulna

32
Q

Triceps Brachii (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
1. All Heads:
- Extend the elbow (Humeroulnar joint)
2. Long Head:
- Extend the shoulder (Glenohumeral joint)
- Adduct the shoulder (G/H joint)

Innervation:
- Radial (C6,7,8 & T1)

33
Q

Coracobrachialis (Origin/Insertion)

A

Origin:
- Coracoid process of the scapula

Insertion:
- Medial surfaces of mid-humeral shaft

34
Q

Coracobrachialis (Action/Innervation)

A

Action:
- Flex the shoulder (Glenohumeral joint)
- Adduct the shoulder (G/H joint)

Innervation:
- Musculocutaneous (C6,7)

Hands (5 decks)

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