shoulder and upper extremities, Peds, hip and lower extremities, HPI/PE, spine, crossword 1 &2, rheumatology 1&2 Flashcards by Karina Borges

which size of vessel?

Polyarteritis nodosa
Behҫet syndrome
Kawasaki disease (pediatrics)

Medium vessel

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Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) tx:

Pavlik harness

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Common laboratory finding indicating renal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus

Proteinuria

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____________ implies significant nerve root irritation when positive.

The Straight Leg Raise

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stiffness decreases with exercise/ activity

Ankylosing spondylitis

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Empty can test

supraspinatus strength

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Ottawa Knee Rules

age 55 years or older
inability to weight bear 4 steps both immediately and in the emergency department
inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees
_______________
tenderness at the head of the fibula

isolated patellar tenderness

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Thickening and tightening of the skin of the fingers into contractures in patients with CREST syndrome

Sclerodactyly

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x ray show: onion skinning

ewing sarcoma

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Most common radiographic finding in reactive arthritis*

fluffy periostitis

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Ottawa Knee Rules

age 55 years or older
inability to weight bear 4 steps both immediately and in the emergency department
_______________
isolated patellar tenderness
tenderness at the head of the fibula

inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees

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Four components of clubfoot?

rigid
ankle plantar flexion
inverted
complex apperance to latteral portion of the foot

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Arthrocentesis: shows weakly positive; rhomboid-shaped

pseudogout

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Direct blow or compression that is angulated

Bending force overcomes convex surface

Greenstick

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Drying of the oral mucosa

xerostomia

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NEW ONSET OF URINARY OR BOWEL
RETENTION/INCONTINENCE WITH SADDLE ANESTHESIA,
UNI/BILATERAL LEG RADIATION
DECREASED ANAL SPHINCTER
TONE ON RECTAL EXAM*

cauda equina syndrome

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Scaphoid fractures complications

A vascular necrosis

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Common concomitant condition in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica

temporal arteritis

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when do you need to re-image a fracture ina kiddo?

10-14 d

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presents with:

Extreme fatigue
Sleep disturbances

Fibromyalgia

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Purplish erythematous and scaly lesions over the various joints of the fingers in patients with dermatomyositis

Gottron papules

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Joint inflammation in response to preceding viral or bacterial infection elsewhere

Reactive Arthritis

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(+) ADSON : loss of radial pulse with head rotate to affected side

Thoracic outlet syndrome

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(+)(antibody) anti-jo1= (condition)________

inflammatory myopathy

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a benign cartilage-capped bony spur arising on the external surface of a bone

osteochondroma

Ganglion cyst are most common on the

Wrist

Nursemaids Elbow | treatment:

* Hyperpronation method | * supination/flexion method

*Vasculitis of medium-sized arteries that causes 'rosary sign' with segmental aneurysms, but nothing involving the lungs*

Polyarteritis nodosa

Progressive degeneration of cartilage surfaces, especially in weight-bearing joints*

osteoarthritis

autoimmune disorder that destroys the salivary and lacrimal glands

Sjögren Syndrome

Osgood-schlatter disease is d/t________

rupture of growth plate at the tibial tuberosity

PE will show flexing the infant's hips and knees showing uneven knee heights (galeazzi test)

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

Morning joint stiffness> 60 minutes after initiating movement, improves later in the day

rheumatoid arthritis

Overuse syndrome from excessive wrist FLEXION and repetitive gripping activities

Medial Epicondylitis

Finkelstein’s Test

DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis

- obesity kids - limp pain - immedicate managment: stop weight-bearing and refer immediately

slipped capital Femoral Epiphysis

*Autoantibody associated with diffuse systemic sclerosis*

Antitopoisomerase I

Infection of bone caused by a microogranism

Osteomyelitis

Most common primary malignant bone tumor in children

osteosarcoma

Boutonniere deformity and swan-neck deformity

rheumatoid arthritis

Anatomical snuffbox tenderness

Scaphoid fracture

Potential complications of fractures through growth plates?

growth could be inhibited

- relapsing uveitis - recurring genital ulcers - recurring oral ulcers

Behçet Disease

Narrowed joint space, sclerosis and osteophyte formation

Osteoarthritis

*Radiographic finding in pseudogout*

chondrocalcinosis

Treatment for newborn clavicle fracture?

conservative treatment

*AKA: eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis*

Churg-Strauss Syndrome

Manifestation that is present in all patients with rheumatoid arthritis*

morning stiffness

symmetrical aching and stiffness about he shoulders, hip girdle, neck, torso

Polymyalgia rheumatica

Best diagnostic test for DDH?

ultrasound

BMD=

bone mineral density

ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriatic arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica spinal cause of LBP?

Inflammatory

“Sail Sign” =

Fat Pad Sign

softening and weakening of bones in infants and children

RICKETS

Autoimmune inflammation that targets the synovium -->joint pain, stiffness, erythema, swelling

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Is idiopathic scoliosis painful?

Flexor tendon catches when it attempts to slide through sheath

Trigger finger

*Classic facial dermatologic finding in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus*

malar rash

Most common pediatric elbow fractures

Supracondylar humerus fractures

Roos test

* Standing Abduct arm to 90° * Ext Rot shoulder * Open and Close hand for 3 minutes

spinal stenosis, patient EXTENSION leads to ______

increased pain

Heberden and Bouchard nodes

Osteoarthritis

Golfer’s, Baseball, or Suitcase Elbow

Medial Epicondylitis

What is an apophysis?

bony protuberance where muscle or tendon attach

Nondisplaced--> displaced anterior fat pad sign or (+) posterior fat pad sign*

Supracondylar humerus fractures

Polyarticular JIA: how many and which sized joints?

* More than 5 | * Small to medium joints (hands, feet, ankles, wrists)

a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder that primarily involves synovial joints

rheumatoid arthritis

MC frequently affected joint: first MTP joint MC

Gout

Nodes found at the PIP joints in osteoarthritis*

Bouchard

Lower limb evaluation for Achilles Tendon ruptures

Thompson’s Test

leads to contraction of MCP

Dupuytren Contracture

Malar butterfly rash and renal disease common in childhood ________

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Most common intoeing in toddlers | *patellae straight with feet turned inwards

Internal Tibial Torsion

*Toxicity associatd with administration of hydroxychloroquine*

retinal toxicity

X ray show "scoop of ice cream slipping off an ice cream cone"

Slipped capital femoral Epiphysis "SCIFFY"

Rotator cuff muscles

``` SITS supraspinatus infraspinatus teres major subscapularis ```

(+) anti-centromere AB

systemic sclerosis

*Conglomerations of urate crystals surrounded by giant cells in an inflammatory reaction in chronic gout*

tophi

(+)(antibody) anti-dsDNA= (condition)________

*lupus

Three mechanical forces that may cause acute brachial plexus injury?

Neck-shoulder traction Direct blow Compression (due to contralateral hyperextension)

Overuse Injury of the lateral knee

iliotibial band syndrome

manifest as joint pain: commonly asymmetrical and/or monoarticular

Osteoarthritis

Most common joint affected by arthritis associated with Lyme disease*

knee

Ottawa Knee Rules * age 55 years or older * inability to weight bear 4 steps both immediately and in the emergency department * inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees * isolated patellar tenderness * _________________

tenderness at the head of the fibula

Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis | treatment

Restrict activity and Physical therapy

General term for inflammation of sciatic nerve

Sciatica

HIP, THIGH OR KNEE PAIN WITH LIMP*

SLIPPED CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS-“SCIFFY

positive Roos test indicates

thoracic outlet

Location of pain from diseased hip?

medial knee

Most specific* for non-accidental injury

Suspicious Fractures

syndactyly =

webbed toes

PIP node

Bouchard node

Apley scratch test

rotator cuff / adhesive capsulitis

*Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with associated skin manifestations*

Dermatomyositis

Chemical composition of crystals in pseudogout*

calcium pyrophosphate

pt will be complaining of persistent, unexplained arthritis in one or more joints for more than 6 weeks in children younger than 16 yo

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

* postural-flexible * congenital-progressive * scheuermann disease

Kyphosis

*Autoantibody associated with CREST syndrome*

Anticentromere

* Partial disruption of joint | * altered but bones of the joint still remain in contact

Subluxation

Force along the axis

Longitudinal

* terminal end of long bone | * Ultimately forms articular cartilage.

Epiphysis

caused by uric acid crystals

gout

scotty dog appearance on X-ray

spondylolysis

* focal necrotizing vasculitis * necrotizing granulomas in the lung and upper airway * necrotizing glomelonephritis

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

BMD between 1 and 2.5 DS below the mean (T-score -1 to -2.5)

Osteopenia

Ottawa Knee Rules * age 55 years or older * ________________ * inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees * isolated patellar tenderness * tenderness at the head of the fibula

inability to weight bear 4 steps both immediately and in the emergency department

bones involved in articulation no longer in contact

Dislocation

"Toddler’s fracture” is what type of fracture in which bone?

tibia

“pencil in a cup” | HLA-B27 positive

Psoriatic Arthritis

Blood test: that confirms JIA? associated with uveitis?

none , yes can be associated with uveitis

* Most common foot deformity of infants, usually flexible * Convex lateral surface of foot * Possibly due to intrauterine position

Metatarsus Adductus

*complaining of low back pain and stiffness when walking that is relieved when leaning forward

spinal stenosis

_________is the most common non-sicca symptom in Sjögren Syndrome

Chronic fatigue

*Autoantibody associated with drug-induced lupus*

antinuclear

Rupture of ulnar collateral Ligament

Skier's Thumb (Gamekeeper's Thumb)

hx of fluoroquinolone use | PE: shows absent plantar flexion upon calf squeeze ( thompson test)

achiles tendon rupture

anterior slippage of a lumbar vertebra, usually occurring due to bilateral defects or fractures of the pars interarticularis *MC location is L5-S1

Spondylolisthesis

PE: show arm abducted, externally rotated

anterior shoulder dislocation

Most common source of bone and joint infections?

blood

(+)(antibody) anti-smith= (condition)________

lupus

Defect or stress fracture of the pars interarticularis | *MC location is L5

Spondylolysis

Occult fractures are common ________

in kids

injury to skeletal muscle, followed by release of intracellular contents

Rhabdomyolysis

DIP node

Heberden's node

Tendonitis of the sheath and tendons of the first dorsal extensor compartment to the thumb

De Quervain Tenosynovitis (nursemaid’s wrist)

BMD >2.5 SD below the mean for a healthy woman

Osteoporosis

*Antimalarial agent used in management of dermatomyositis and non-organ threatening systemic lupus erythematosus*

Hydroxychloroquine

Osgood Schlatter Disease | treatment?

rest/decreased activity

macrotrauma d/t

acute injuries

Rotation at what levels lead to intoeing?

femur, tebial and metatarsal

Keratoderma blennnorrhagicum*

Reactive Arthritis

Musculo-ligamentous strain, degenerative joint/disc disease, herniated lumbar disc, spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis. spinal cause of LBP?

Mechanical

PAIN ALONG THE RADIAL ASPECT OF THE WRIST *

De Quervain Tenosynovitis

RIGID inverted foot

clubfoot

_____________fractures are the most common long bone fractures

Tibia

Lateral Epicondylitis | AKA:

Tennis Elbow

Benign cartilaginous tumor

CHONDROMAS

(+) anti-SSA/Ro= (condition)________

* lupus * sjogren's syndrome * neonatal heart block

Twisting force

Spiral

Painless limping x weeks

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

________is a degenerative disease, whereas rheumatoid arthritis is a _________

* degenerative disease | * autoimmune disease

Skier's Thumb (Gamekeeper's Thumb) caused by _____________

Forced abduction

- Shaft of long bone. | - Elongation occurs toward the epiphysis

Diahphsis

- Referred to the “growth plate”. | - Site of elongation of long bones.

Epiphyseal

- terminal end of long bone | - Ultimately forms articular cartilage.

Epiphysis

- A bone that ossifies within a tendon. - common at the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint (big toe) and the first metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint (thumb). - Some times referred to as a “mouse” or plural “mice”

Sesamoid

**NEXUS Cervical Spine Rule** Radiography is Unnecessary if pts satisfy ALL of the following low risk criteria: * No midline cervical tenderness * No focal neuro deficits * Normal alertness * No intoxication * ________________

No painful distracting injury

*Term used to describe xerostomia(dry mouth) and xerophthalmia(dry eyes)*

sicca

Ottawa Knee Rules * _______________ * inability to weight bear 4 steps both immediately and in the emergency department * inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees * isolated patellar tenderness * tenderness at the head of the fibula

age 55 years or older

distal radial fracture with dorsal angulation and impaction

colles fracture

**NEXUS Cervical Spine Rule** Radiography is Unnecessary if pts satisfy ALL of the following low risk criteria: * No midline cervical tenderness * No focal neuro deficits * ________________ * No intoxication * No painful distracting injury

Normal alertness

Hawkin’s impingement

rotator cuff disorder

Pathognominic finding in anklyosing spondylitis*

bilateral sacroiliitis

manifests as ulnar deviation

Rheumatoid Arthritis

(+)(antibody) anti-centromere= (condition)________

CREST syndrome

spinous process tenderness usually indicates?

spinal fracture or infection.

Afebrile 4 y/o with limp after URI ; normal diagnostics?

reactive arthritis

Normal developmental outgrowth of a bone which arises from a separate ossification center, and fuses to the bone later in development.

Apophysis

XR: “hair on end” or “sun ray/burst”* appearance

Osteosarcoma

(+)(antibody) anti-topoisomerase (Sci-70)= (condition)________

systemic sclerosis

occurs in adults, after epiphyseal closure

OSTEOMALACIA

microtrauma d/t

overuse

Nodules over the distal palmar crease or proximal phalanx

Dupuytren Contracture

Damaged (flattened femoral head)

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

Injury to a muscle or tendon (soft tissue connecting MUSCLE to bone)

strain

Danis-weber classification Three Types: * Type A: fracture below the ankle joint * Type B: fracture at the level of the joint, with the tibiofibular ligaments usually intact * Type C: ___________

fracture above the joint level which tears the syndesmotic ligaments.

Danis-weber classification Three Types: * Type A:___________ * Type B: fracture at the level of the joint, with the tibiofibular ligaments usually intact * Type C: fracture above the joint level which tears the syndesmotic ligaments.

fracture below the ankle joint

*Agent used in viscosupplementation therapy*

hyaluronic acid

Cellular necrosis due to interruption of blood supply

avascular necrosis

- Immediate burning pain and numbness radiating down one arm, resolves within minutes - May have weakness

Acute Brachial Plexus Injury

What history supports accidental trauma?

non accidental, multiple stages of healing

* boy athlete 10-15 years old | * PE show tenderness over the tibial tubercle

osgood-schlatter Disease

Force perpendicular to long axis

Transverse

PE shows: a mass located medially and distal to the knee crease and more apparent with extension of the knee

Baker's Cyst ( popliteal Synovial Cyst)

Sprain or tear of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb—> instability of MCP joint

Game keeper’s Thumb

- New piece of bone, usually growing on another piece of bone - Benign tumor, slow growing

OSTEOMA

Hip emergency in 10-15 y obese child?

slipped capital Femoral Epiphysis

- Rare, benign bone tumor | - Epiphysis of long bones (femur, humerus)

CHONDROBLASTOMA

Hallmark finding in gout*

hyperuricemia

The characteristics of patients who should undergo radiography after knee trauma according to the Pittsburgh Decision Rules are patients with these findings or history: **Blunt trauma or a fall as mechanism of injury plus either of the following:** *Age younger than 12 years or older than 50 years *____________

Inability to walk four weight-bearing steps in the emergency department

Forced hyperflexion of the DIP | *instability to extend the DIP

Mallet finger

__________pelvis tilts downward on unaffected side (when DDH missed)

Trendelenburg sign =

symmetrical aching and stiffness about the shoulders, hip girdle, neck, torso

Polymyalgia rheumatica

Deformity of fingers in rheumatoid arthritis where the MCP and DIP joints are flexed and the PIP joints are hyperextended*

Swan Neck Contractures

Active 7y/o with bilateral leg aching only at bedtime?

radial

Torus (buckle): MOI

Compression due to axial loading (fall)

PE shows flexing the infant's hips and knees showing uneven knee heights (Galeazzi test)

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

multiple pieces fracture

comminuted

Gamekeeper’s Thumb tx

Thumb spica

- joint pain: asymmetrical and/or monoarticular - pain relived w/ rest - onset: years

Osteoarthritis

'Can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree'*

reactive arthritis

*AKA: systemic sclerosis*

scleroderma

malignant bone lessions (3)

* osteosarcoma * ewing's sarcoma * Leukemic infiltrate

Deformity of PIP joints in rheumatoid arthritis where the PIP is flexed and the DIP is hyperextended*

Boutonniere

*Drug of choice for initial management of fibromyalgia*

amitriptyline

Transverse fracture through the base of the 5th metatarsal

Jones fracture

- Narrowed joint space - sclerosis - osteophyte formation

Osteoarthritis

HPI “red flags” for pathologic musculoskeletal pain?

* wake up at night | * decreased range of motion, *ages 10-20

Thompson’s Test | AKA:

Simmond’s Test

Low back pain in a gymnast?

spondylysis

Burning Pain is most common in the third intermetatarsal space

motor neuroma

Most common bacteria causing childhood osteomyelitis and septic arthritis?

staph

Most common primary malignant bone tumor in children

osteosarcoma

early stages of osteoporosis

Osteopenia

leads to an increased risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Sjögren Syndrome

*Most common cause of death in patients with Sjogren syndrome*

malignancy

pneumoconiosis + RA

Caplan syndrome

Dorsal/Posterior angulation MC FOOSH with wrist extension

Colle’s fracture

* Calcaneal apophysitis * Heel pain, limp in pre-pubertal child * PE: painful posterior calcaneus +/- tight heel cord modification (feel cushion, orthotic)

Foot-server disease

pt with a history of ankle inversion | *most common injured the anteriir talofibular ligament (ATFL)

ankle sprain

The characteristics of patients who should undergo radiography after knee trauma according to the ___________are patients with any one of these five findings: * age 55 years or older * inability to weight bear 4 steps both immediately and in the emergency department * inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees * isolated patellar tenderness * tenderness at the head of the fibula

Ottawa Knee Rules

dactylitis (“sausage” digits)*

Psoriatic Arthritis

Triad of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, neutropenia, and splenomegaly*

Felty Syndrome

**NEXUS Cervical Spine Rule** Radiography is Unnecessary if pts satisfy ALL of the following low risk criteria: * ____________ * No focal neuro deficits * Normal alertness * No intoxication * No painful distracting injury

No midline cervical tenderness

_______largest sesamoid in the body

Patella

- conjunctivitis - joint pain - dysuria

Reactive Arthritis

Bases of all metatarsals are dislocated laterally

Lisfranc Injury

Classic finding is pain with direct pressure over the bursa!

Trochanteric Bursitis

Hand fracture usually 4th or 5th metacarpal

Boxer fracture

______is the MC affected by pseudogout

Knee

Most ankle sprains are due to inversion during __________ with 85% involving the lateral ligaments.

plantar flexion

- Referred to the “growth plate”. | - Site of elongation of long bones.

Epiphyseal

pyogenic or tuberculous osteomyelitis, epidural abscess. spinal cause of LBP?

Infectious

imaging: Mouse bites (punched out) erosions

Gout

Severe sprains (dislocations) will present with ___________ due to joint disassociation

postural change

__________ d/t Overuse syndrome from excessive wrist EXTENSION and repetitive gripping activities using thumb and first 2 fingers

Lateral Epicondylitis

Narrowing of the spinal canal with impingement of the nerve roots. Seen >60 y.

Spinal stenosis

trigonocephaly looks like a

triangle

which size of vessel? * Takayasu arteritis * Temporal arteritis

Large vessel

Danis-weber classification Three Types: * Type A: fracture below the ankle joint * Type B: fracture at the level of the joint, with the tibiofibular ligaments usually intact * Type C: ___________

fracture above the joint level which tears the syndesmotic ligaments.

____________caused by Massive central herniation compresses several nerve roots of the cauda equina

Cauda Equina Syndrome

accelerated rate of bone remodeling

Paget Disease of Bone

Idiopathic inflammatory condition causing synovitis, bursitis, and tenosynovitis pain/stiffness of the proximal joints (shoulder, hip, neck)

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

2nd most common malignant bone tumor in children

ewing sarcoma

Danis-weber classification Three Types: * Type A: fracture below the ankle joint * Type B: ____________ * Type C: fracture above the joint level which tears the syndesmotic ligaments.

fracture at the level of the joint, with the tibiofibular ligaments usually intact

Scaphoid “Snuff Box” Injury MOI:

Generally a “FOSH” mechanism of injury

with a Jones fracture there is an increased risk___________

MALUNION

Diffuse pain in 11 out of 18 trigger points**>3 months+

Fibromyalgia

*Typically the first manifestation to present in patients with limited systemic sclerosis*

Raynaud phenomenon

*Chemical composition of crystals in pseudogout*

calcium pyrophosphate

(+)(antibody) anti-histone= (condition)________

* lupus | * drug-induced lupus

RA+ splenomegaly + decreased WBC/repeated infections*

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Diagnosis is made by COBB angle greater than or equal to 10 degrees

Scoliosis

Arthrocentesis: shows negatively birefringent needle-shaped urate crystals*

Gout

pt complaining of a mass in wrist, sometimes painful

ganglion cyst

Associated with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis of hip

Iliopsoas Bursitis

(+) Schirmer test

Sjögren Syndrome

Inhibited growth of medial aspect of proximal tibial growth plate *early walkers, obese, African American

Blount Disease

*Condition associated with chronic diffuse pain, cognitive difficulties, sleep disruption, and profound fatigue*

fibromyalgia

No intoxication

Hip disease in a limping 6y boy?

LCP

Collection of blood (hematoma) under toe or finger nail caused from blunt trauma

Subungual Hematoma

1st line treatment for pseudogout acute attack

intraarticular steroids 1st line

*Key radiographic finding in patients with osteoarthritis*

Joint Space Narrowing

*Inflammation of the insertion point of tendons to bone*

Enthesitis

*Common causative organism in reactive arthritis*

chlamydia Trachomatis

*Chemical that makes up the crystals in gout*

Monosodium Urate

*Selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent; causes less dyspepsia and ulcers than non-selective agents*

celecoxib

*Nodes found at the PIP joints in osteoarthritis*

Bouchard

*Manifestation that is present in all patients with rheumatoid arthritis*

morning stiffness

*Most common radiographic finding in reactive arthritis*

fluffy periostitis

*Medication used in the treatment of arthritis associated with Borellia burgdorferi infection*

doxycycline

*Alternative medication for use in gout when patients cannot tolerate NSAIDs*

colchicine

*Presence of nodules and possible cavitations within the chest in patients with rheumatoid arthritis*

caplan syndrome

*'Sausage fingers'*

dactylitis

Excessive overhead throwing can cause proximal humeral _______*

epiphysitis

PE: the affected arm held close to the body in a flexed and pronated position

Nursemaids Elbow

(1) joint pain, (2) fever, (3) malar “butterfly rash”

SLE | systemic luous erythematosus

* Vasculitis that affects LARGE arteries with granulomatous and fibrotic changes of vessels, causing narrowing and ischemia*

Takayasu arteritis

*Antiarrhythmic agent commonly associated with drug-induced lupus*

Procainamide

Usually congenital and due to sternocleidomastoid fibrosis (rarely vertebral anomaly)

Neck - Torticollis

which size of vessel? * Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) * Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Small vessel

* Usually from blunt trauma in which the subsurface soft tissues are injured-micro capillaries rupture causing a bruise. * may result in a hematoma

Contusion

Dorsal dislocated mid foot

Lisfranc injury

*Inflammation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint in acute gout*

podagra

Neer’s impingement sign

rotator cuff disorder

Transient (“toxic”) synovitis of the hip

Reactive Arthritis

- Tibial traction apophysitis | - Adolescent with knee pain during and after activity

Osgood Schlatter Disease

radial head wedges into the stretched annular ligament

Nursemaid’s elbow

*Term used to describe the painful sterile oral and genital ulcerations associated with Behcet disease*

pathergy

*Radiographic description of the vertebral column in patients with ankylosing spondylitis*

bamboo spine

Reproducable pain with shaking hands, lifting or gripping with hand

Lateral Epicondylitis

legg-calve-perthes imaging

AP and frog

*Rheumatologic condition associated with anti-La and anti-Ro autoantibodies*

Sjogren syndrome

Septic Arthritis diagnosis is made by

arthrocentesis

Guidelines as to when sports activities can be safely resumed. _____________injury - Ligament stretch or minor tear - Return to play in 1 – 10 days

Type I Injury

Guidelines as to when sports activities can be safely resumed. _____________injury - Partial ligament tear - Return to play 2 – 4 weeks

Type II Injury

Guidelines as to when sports activities can be safely resumed. _____________injury Complete ligament tear Return to play in 5 – 8 weeks (Orthopedic call)

Type III Injury

- bones are abnormally dense and prone to breakage | - uncommon hereditary disease, infantile form often fatal

Osteopetrosis (Albers-Schönberg)

- Relatively benign, can become aggressive and malignant - Males - 2nd-3rd decades of life - Diaphysis of long bones

OSTEOBLASTOMA

- death of bone tissue due to lack of blood supply | - ischemic pathophysiology

osteonecrosis (AVN)

may manifest as as swan-neck contractures

Rheumatoid Arthritis

most specific test for RA

(+) anti-cycylic citrullinated peptide antibodies

increased ESR, (+)HLA-27

Ankylosing Spondylitis

what stage of gout? | Asymptomatic hyperuricemia

stage I

what stage of gout? - Acute gouty arthritis - Most often affects the big toe at the first MTP joint (podagra)

stage II

what stage of gout? Intercritical gout Asymptomatic period after initial attack

stage III

what stage of gout? Chronic tophaceous gout -tophi

stage IV

Discoid rash

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

jaccoud arthrophy and arthralgias

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

libman-scaks endocarditis

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

MC pulmonary finding associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Pleuritis

Autoimmune disorder that attacks exocrine glands

Sjögren Syndrome

Lymphocyte infiltration and destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands

Sjögren Syndrome

the limited symptoms of scleroderma are referred to as _______

CREST

what does CREST stand for

- calcinosis - raynaud's phenomenon - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasis

triggers of Raynaud Phenomenon

cold temperatures, stress

PULMONARY involvement is the most common cause of death from__________

systemic sclerosis

- symmetric proximal weakness | - heliotrope rash

dermatomyositis