Shoulder and Elbow OINAs Flashcards
Trapezius
➢ O: Superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance; nuchal ligament; spinous
processes C7 – T12
➢ I: Acromion & spine of scapula; lateral 1/3 clavicle
➢ N: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) (motor), C3-4 (sensory)
➢ A: Elevation, depression, retraction, upward rotation scapula
▪ all three parts acting synergistically will retract scapula
* Upper: Elevation, upward rotation, retraction scapula
* Middle: Retraction scapula
* Lower: Depression, upward rotation, retraction scapula
Levator Scapulae
➢ O: Transverse process C1-4
➢ I: Medial border scapula (superior to spine)
➢ N: Dorsal scapular n. (C3,C4)
➢ A: Elevation & downward rotation scapula
▪ Elevation, downward rotation scapula (proximal attachment fixed)
▪ Lateral flexion, ipsilateral cervical rotation (distal attachment fixed)
Pectoralis Major
➢ O:
▪ Clavicular head: anterior surface medial half clavicle
▪ Sternocostal head: anterior surface sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages,
aponeurosis external oblique
➢ I: Lateral lip bicipital groove humerus (PLT)
➢ N: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves,
▪ Clavicular head: Lateral pectoral n. (C5,C6,C7)
▪ Sternocostal head: Medial pectoral n. (C8,T1)
➢ A: Both heads: Adduction (horizontal), IR of shoulder; draws scapula
anteriorly, inferiorly
▪ Clavicular head: Flexion shoulder
▪ Sternocostal head: Extension shoulder
Pectoralis Minor
➢ O: Ribs 3–5 near costal cartilages
➢ I: Coracoid process scapula
➢ N: Medial pectoral nerve (C8,T1)
➢ A: Depression, protraction scapula
▪ (Stabilization scapula drawing inferiorly, anteriorly against thoracic wall)
Serratus Anterior
➢ O: Lateral parts ribs 1-8
➢ I: Anterior surface medial border scapula
➢ N: Long thoracic nerve (C5,C6,C7)
➢ A: Protraction scapula, holds scapula against thoracic wall, upward rotation
scapula
Rhomboid Major
➢ O: Spinous processes T2-T5
➢ I: Medial border scapula (inferior to spine)
➢ N: Dorsal scapular (C4,C5)
➢ A: Elevation, retraction, downward rotation scapula; scapular stabilization against
trunk with UE movement
Rhomboid Minor
➢ O: Nuchal ligament; spinous processes C7-T1
➢ I: Medial end scapular spine
➢ N: Dorsal scapular (C4,C5)
➢ A: Elevation, retraction, downward rotation scapula; scapular stabilization against
trunk with UE movement
Deltoid
➢ O: Lateral 1/3 clavicle; acromion, spine scapula
➢ I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
➢ N: Axillary nerve (C5,C6)
➢ A:
▪ Anterior head: flexion, medial rotation (IR) shoulder
▪ Medial head: abduction shoulder
▪ Posterior head: extension, lateral rotation (ER) shoulder
Teres Major
➢ O: Inferior angle scapula
➢ I: Medial lip bicipital groove (PLT)
➢ N: Lower subscapular nerve (C5,C6)
➢ A: Adduction, medial rotation, extension shoulder
Coracobrachialis
➢ O: Coracoid process scapula
➢ I: Middle 1/3 medial surface humerus
➢ N: Musculocutaneous n. (C6,C7)
➢ A: Flexion, adduction shoulder; resists shoulder dislocation
Latissimus dorsi
➢ O: Spinous processes T7-12; thoracolumbar fascia; iliac crest; ribs 9-12
➢ I: Floor bicipital groove (PLT)
➢ N: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6,C7,C8)
➢ A: Extension, adduction, medial rotation shoulder
Supraspinatus
➢ O: Supraspinous fossa scapula
➢ I: Greater tubercle humerus - superior facet
➢ N: Suprascapular nerve (C5,C6)
➢ A: Abduction shoulder; dynamic stabilization
Infraspinatus
➢ O: Infraspinous fossa scapula
➢ I: Greater tubercle humerus - middle facet
➢ N: Suprascapular nerve (C5,C6)
➢ A: Lateral rotation shoulder; holds humerus in glenoid cavity
Subscapularis
➢ O: Subscapular fossa
➢ I: Lesser tubercle humerus
➢ N: Upper, Lower subscapular nerves (C5,C6)
➢ A: Medial rotation, adduction shoulder, holds humerus in glenoid cavity
Teres Minor
➢ O: Lateral border scapula
➢ I: Greater tubercle of humerus - inferior facet
➢ N: Axillary nerve (C5,C6)
➢ A: Lateral rotation shoulder; holds humerus in glenoid cavity