Shoulder Flashcards
Positive Apley’s scratch test?
Decreased ROM
Pain
Stiffness
Causes of a positive Apley’s scratch test?
- supraspinatus tendinitis (or other rotator cuff)
- tight pecs
- hypertoned levator scapulae
Other tests for Apley’s scratch test?
- Dugas test
- supraspinatus press test (empty can)
Positive Apprehension test?
Patient shows apprehension/alarm, resists motion
Causes of a positive Apprehension test?
anterior shoulder dislocation, trauma
Other tests for Apprehension?
Relocation
load and shift
Dugas
Positive Codman’s arm drop test?
Shoulder pain, dropping arm
Causes of a positive Codman’s?
rupture of supraspinatus tendon
Other tests for Codman’s?
Supraspinatus press test (empty can and full can)
Apley’s
Positive Dawbarn’s test?
Pain goes away with examiner pressing on the pain in the shoulde
Causes of a positive Dawbarn’s?
Subacromial bursitis
Other tests for Dawbarn’s?
Impingement test
Apley’s
Positive Dugas?
can’t touch chest with elbow
Causes of Dugas?
anterior shoulder dislocation
Other tests for Dugas?
Apprehension test
Apley’s
Positive Impingement test?
Pain from jamming greater tuberosity against anteroinferior acromial surface
Causes of a positive Impingement test?
Impingement of tendon or bursa, supraspinatus and/or bicipital irritation as well as DJD
Other tests for impingement?
Dawbarn’s
Apley’s
Positive Speeds test?
Pain in bicipital groove = bicipital tendinitis
Other tests for speeds?
Impingement test
Yergason’s
Positive Supraspinatus Press Test?
Weakness or experiences pain = supraspinatus tendon/muscle tear
Other tests for Supraspinatus Press Test?
Codman’s sign
Apley’s
Positive Yergason’s test?
Pain or a click heard and felt over bicipital groove
Causes of a positive Yergason’s?
- Pain = bicipital tendinitis
- “click” = torn transverse humeral ligament
Other tests for Yergason’s?
Speeds
Impingement sign
Positive Load and Shift?
Laxity, visible sulcus appearing under acromion= instability
Other tests for Load and Shift?
Apprehension
Relocation
Positive O’Brien’s/Cause?
Pain increases with thumb down
= labral tear
Other tests for O’Brien’s?
- Bicep load test
- supraspinatus press test (empty and full can)
Positive Lift off test/Cause?
decreased ROM, pain
= subscapularis problem
Other tests for the Lift off test?
Belly press test
Apley’s
Positive Elbow flexion test/Cause?
Tingling/paresthesia in ulnar distribution of forearm/hand
= cubital tunnel syndrome
Other test’s for Elbow Flexion Test?
Tinel’s test at the elbow
Froment’s test
Positive Tinel’s Test at the Elbow?
hypersensitivity of ulnar or radial nerve
Causes of Tinel’s Test at the Elbow?
neuritis, neuroma, damage
Other test’s for Tinel’s test at the elbow?
Elbow flexion test
Froment’s test
Pinch grip test
Positive Cozen’s test/cause?
pain in lateral epicondyle = lateral epicondylitis
Other tests for Cozen’s Test?
Lift test
Mill’s test
Positive Golfer’s Elbow Test/ cause?
Pain over medial epicondyle = medial epicondylitis
Other tests for Golfer’s Elbow Test?
Lift test
Ligamentous instability test
Positive Lift test/causes?
Pain on extension = lateral epicondylitis, pain on flexion = medial epicondylitis
Other tests for Lift Test?
Cozens test
Golfer’s elbow test
Positive Ligament Instability test?
Laxity, decreased mobility, altered pain
Causes of positive ligament instability test?
MCL/UCL sprain/strain
Varus/Adduct?
LCL
Valgus/Abduct?
MCL
Other test for Ligament Instability Test?
Cozen’s test
golfer’s elbow test
Positive Mill’s test/cause?
Elbow pain increases at lateral epicondyle = lateral epicondylitis
Other tests for Mill’s test?
Cozen’s test
lift test
Positive Tinel’s Test at the Wrist/ cause?
tingling into thumb, index finger, middle finger, lateral half of ring finger
= carpal tunnel syndrome (median N entrapment)
Other tests for Tinel’s Test at the Wrist?
Phalen’s test
reversed Phalen’s test
pinch grip test
Positive Phalen’s/Reversed Phalen’s test?
Tingling into thumb, index finger, middle finger, and lateral half of the ring finger
Causes of a Positive Phalen’s/Reversed Phalen’s test?
carpal tunnel syndrome (median nerve prob)
Other tests for Phalen’s/Reversed Phalen’s test?
Tinel’s sign at the wrist
Pinch grip test
Positive Froment’s?
terminal phalanx of thumb goes into flexion
Causes of a positive Froment’s test?
paralysis of Adductor Pollicis = ulnar nerve injury
Other tests for Froment’s test?
Tinel’s test at the elbow
Elbow flexion test
Positive Pinch Grip Test?
patient pinches the pulp of the finger and thumb together (froments)
Causes of a positive Pinch Grip Test?
entrapment of the Anterior Interosseous nerve (of the Median nerve) between pronator teres
Other tests for Pinch Grip test?
Phalen’s test
Tinel’s test at the elbow
What is the Bunnell-Littler Test?
Dr. passively moves MCP joint into extension and then tries to flex the PIP joint
Positive Bunnell-Littler Test?
PIP joint that cannot be flexed
Causes for a positive Bunnell-Littler Test?
tight intrinsic muscle or contracture of joint capsule = osteoarthritis
Other tests for Bunnell-Littler Test?
Finkelstein’s test
Pinch grip test
Positive Finkelstein’s test?
Sharp pain in area of constriction-over the Abductor pollicis longus and Extensor pollicis brevis
Causes of a positive Finkelstein’s test?
- tenosynovitis of the thumb
- De Quervain’s
- Hoffman’s diseases
Other test for Finkelstein’s test?
Froment’s test
Pinch grip test
What is the Mannkopf’s test?
Dr. establishes patient’s resting pulse, then applies firm pressure to area of pain and continues palpating pulse
Positive Mannkopf’s/ Cause?
Increase in the pulse rate of 10 bpm or more = non-organic pain
- TOS
