Shoulder Flashcards
How might a subluxation or dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint arise
Fall onto lateral aspect of the shoulder forcing the acromion downwards
What happens to the capsule and ligaments in subluxation
The capsule is torn but the conoid and trapezoid ligaments are intact
What happens to the capsule and ligaments in dislocation
The capsule and ligaments are both torn and the acromion is displaced markedly downwards
What is the management for an acromioclavicular subluxation
conservative +/- sling for 2 weeks.
Encourage early shoulder rehabilitation
What is the management for an acromioclavicular dislocation
Conservative and sling for 2-4 weeks
Why are anterior shoulder dislocations common
due tot he shallow glenohumeral joint space plus large range of movement
What can cause an anterior dislocation of the shoulder
fall on outstretched hand or by forced abduction and external rotation of the shoulder
What are the clinical features of an anterior shoulder dislocation
Patient presents holding the injured arm by the other across the chest
Sudden severe pain with loss of deltoid bulk and a small bulge may be palpated below the clavicle
What is the management for a sublimed or dislocated acromioclavicular joint
Rule out fracture prior to reduction
4 reduction methods
Place arm in sling and repeat Xray to assess joint position
What are some post reduction complications of a dislocated shoulder
rotator cuff tear
nerve injury
vascular injury
recurrent dislocation
If a patient has a posteriorly dislocated shoulder, describe the position of their arm
Locked in medial rotation
What causes a fracture of the proximal humeral head
Fall onto an outstretched hand
What is the management for a fractured proximal humeral head
Short period of rest in a sling (2-3 weeks)
Active movement is encouraged as soon as is practical
open reduction and internal fixation if the fracture is displaced or severely angulated
