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Winter Anatomy Quiz 3 > Shoulder > Flashcards

Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 components of the appendicular skeleton?

A

Upper extremities
Lower extremities
Pectoral girdle
Pelvic girdle

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2
Q

What are the 5 regions of the upper extremity?

A 
Shoulder
Arm
Forearm
Wrist
Hand
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3
Q

The pectoral girdle is made of which 2 bones?

A

Scapula

Clavicle

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4
Q

The shoulder is also called?

A

Glenohumeral joint

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5
Q

What type of joint is the shoulder?

A

Bone-in-socket synovial

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6
Q

What 3 bones articulate at the shoulder joint?

A

Head of humerus
Glenoid cavity of scapula
Clavicle

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7
Q

True or False. The bones of the shoulder joint are covered in hyaline cartilage with a joint capsule directly on top.

A

False. The bones of the shoulder joint are covered in hyaline, and then the synovial membrane and then the joint capsule.

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8
Q

What structure is superficial to the synovial membrane?

A

Joint capsule

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9
Q

Which 2 structures project from the scapula and in what direction?

A

Acromion
Coracoid process
Anteriorly

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10
Q

True or False. The humerus is the only bone in the arm.

A

True

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11
Q

From the head of the humerus moving distally, what are the 3 bony structures of the humerus?

A

Anatomical neck
Surgical neck
Deltoid tuberosity

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12
Q

Where are most fractions of the humerus?

A

Surgical neck

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13
Q

The deltoid tuberosity is more medial or lateral?

A

Lateral

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14
Q

What separates the tubercles?

A

Intertubercular groove

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15
Q

What structure runs within the intertubercular groove?

A

Tendon of long head of biceps brachii

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16
Q

Which is more lateral, the greater or lesser tubercle?

A

Greater

Lesser tubercle is more anterior/medial

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17
Q

What 3 joints make up the shoulder region?

A

Glenohumeral
Acromioclavicular
Sternoclavicular

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18
Q

What is the only bony articulation between the upper extremity and axial skeleton?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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19
Q

The glenoid cavity is deep or shallow?

A

Shallow

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20
Q

What structure deepens the glenoid cavity?

A

Glenoid labrum

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21
Q

What are the 5 important ligaments of the shoulder?

A 
Transverse humeral
Glenohumeral 
Coracoacromial
Acromioclavicular
Coracoclavicular
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22
Q

Which ligament connects the greater and lesser tubercle?

A

Transverse humeral ligament

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23
Q

How many glenohumeral ligaments are there? What are their names?

A

3
Superior
Middle
Inferior

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24
Q

Which ligament has 2 division? They are?

A

Coracoclavicular

Trapezoid and Conoid

25
Q

What ligaments are torn in a partial separation?

A

Acromioclavicular

26
Q

What ligaments are torn in a complete separation?

A

Acromioclavicular
Trapezoid
Conoid

27
Q

What is the combination of different movements around the shoulder joint?

A

Circumduction

28
Q

What are the 3 main movements of the arm?

A

Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction
Internal/Medial rotation and External/Lateral rotation

29
Q

What is the major abductor of the arm?

A

Deltoid

30
Q

Which 3 muscles are involved in abduction of the arm?

A

Supraspinatus- first 15*

Deltoid and serratus anterior- rest of the way

31
Q

What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

A

Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

32
Q

Of the 4 rotator cuff muscles, which are posterior? Anterior?

A

Anterior- subscapularis

Posterior- supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

33
Q

The main action of the subscapularis is to?

A

Medially rotate humerus

34
Q

What is the main role of the supraspinatus?

A

Start abduction to 15*

35
Q

What is the main function of the infraspinatus?

A

Laterally rotate humerus

36
Q

What is the main role of the teres minor?

A

Laterally rotate humerus

37
Q

Which of the rotator cuff muscles are NOT involved in rotation of the humerus?

A

Supraspinatus

38
Q

What is the function of the rotator cuff muscles?

A

Surround and stabilize shoulder joint

39
Q

The blood vessels and nerves to the shoulder and arm ALL pass _____________ to the joint itself.

A

Anterior

40
Q

What causes winging of the scapula?

A

Injury to long thoracic nerve

41
Q

What innervates the serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve

42
Q

True or False. The pectoralis Major and minor act on the humerus?

A

False. The pectoralis major does, but the pectoralis minor does NOT.

43
Q

What lies between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles? What important structure runs there?

A

Deltopectoral groove

Cephalic vein

44
Q

Where is the site of pacemaker and venous access injection?

A

Cephalic vein

45
Q

The long head of the triceps passes __________ to the teres minor, and ________ to the teres major.

A

Anterior

Posterior

46
Q

What are the 3 most important spaces?

A

Quadrangular
Triangular
Triangular interval

47
Q

What is the superior, inferior, medial and lateral borders of the quadrangular space?

A

Superior- teres minor
Inferior- teres major
Medial- long head of triceps
Lateral- shaft of humerus

48
Q

What 2 structures are contained within the quadrangular space?

A

Axillary nerve

Posterior circumflex humeral vessels

49
Q

What is the superior, inferior, and lateral border of the triangular space?

A

Superior- teres minor
Inferior- teres major
Lateral- long head of the triceps

50
Q

What is the most important structure in the triangular space?

A

Circumflex scapular vessels

51
Q

What are the superior, medial and lateral borders of the triangular interval?

A

Superior- teres major
Medial- long head of triceps
Lateral- shaft of humerus

52
Q

What 2 structures run through the triangular interval?

A

Radial nerve

Deep brachial artery

53
Q

What structures run from the neck to the posterior scapula? Through what hole?

A

Suprascapular vessels and nerve

Suprascapular notch

54
Q

The suprascapular __________ runs _____________ to the transverse scapular ligament.

A

Artery- superficial

Nerve- deep

55
Q

The suprascapular vessels and nerve supply what?

A

Supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

56
Q

What 2 arteries are involved in anastomosis if the Axillary artery is occluded?

A

Dorsal scapular

Suprascapular

57
Q

Go over the pathways of the arteries that anastomose if the Axillary artery is occluded.

A

Know this very well!!!

58
Q

What are the 4 components of the axial skeleton?

A

Skull
Vertebral column
Ribs
Sternum

Winter Anatomy Quiz 3 (3 decks)

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