Shoulder

Question 1

Glenohumeral joint - Bones that form articulation

Answer 1

Head of humerus with glenoid cavity of scapula

Question 2

Fibrous capsule attachments of glenohumeral joint

Answer 2

Neck of humerus to rim of glenoid. Loose inferiorly

Question 3

Intracapsular structures of glenohumeral joint

Answer 3

Glenoid labrum and long head biceps tendon

Question 4

Name the rotator cuff muscles include where they insert (distal attachment)

Answer 4

Supraspinatus to Greater Tubercle
Infraspinatus to Greater Tubercle
Teres minor to Greater Tubercle
Subscapularis to the Lesser Tubercle

Question 5

What Pathology is when humeral head is in the sub glenoid position

Answer 5

Anterior dislocation of the shoulder (glenohumeral joint)

Question 6

What fractures and soft tissue injuries associated with anterior dislocation of the shoulder

Answer 6

Torn capsule - when humeral head is driven down.

Hills Sachs lesion - indentation # in posterolateral humeral head when soft base comes into contact with relatively hard glenoid rim.

Bankart lesion - avulsion of anteroinferior glenoid labrum at attachment to IGHL complex. When the bankart lesion occurs. There is obligatory concomitant capsular disruption, with stretching or elongation of IGHL

Question 7

Describe the cause (mechanisms) of anterior dislocation of the shoulder?

Answer 7

Combination of abduction external rotation and extension with a posterior force applied to the arm. - Humeral head driven anteriorly tearing the shoulder capsule detaching the labrum from the glenoid producing a compression fracture of the humeral head.

Question 8

Describe the location and pattern of the most common fracture of the clavicle?

Answer 8

Middle third. Upward displacement of medial fragment produced by sternoleidomastoid muscle. Lateral fragment pulled downward under weight of limb.