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Hawraa Upperlimb Anatomy > Shoulder > Flashcards

Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

anterior axisappendicalar muscles

A

pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior

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2
Q

Pectoralis major origin

A

Clavicular head anterior surface of clavicle

Sternocostal head anterior surface of sternum,upper 6 costal cartilage,aponeurosis of external oblique

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3
Q

Pectoralis major insertions

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular of humerus

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4
Q

Nerve supply pec major

A

Lateral medial pec nerve

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5
Q

Pec major action

A

Adduct,medial rotate of humerus
Clav head:FLEXION of humerus
Ster head:ext to its normal position
Active in deep inspiration

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6
Q

Pec minor origin

A

345 rib near costal cartilage

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7
Q

Pec minor insertion

A

Medial border of corocoid process of scapula

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8
Q

Nerve supply of pec minor

A

Medial pec nerve

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9
Q

Pec minor action

A

Protraction:scapula forward with surratus ant

Depress the shoulder :rotate the scapula with levator scapulae and rhomboids

Active in forced respiration

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10
Q

Subclavius

A

Origin :junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
Insertion inferior surface of midday.e third of clavicle
Nerve subclavian
Action. anchor and depress

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11
Q

Clavipectoral fascia def structures piercing it

A

Deep fascinating btw pec minor and subclavius

Cephalic vein
Lateral pectoral nerve
Thoracoacromial artery
Lymphatic vessels

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12
Q

Serratus anterior origin

A

Upper 8 9 ribs

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13
Q

Serratus anterior insertion

A

Anterior( vent) medial surface of scapula

1superior scapula angle
Next 2 or 3 almost entire medial border of scapula
Lower 4 or 5 inferior angle: dorsal surface near its tip

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14
Q

Serratus anterior innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve

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15
Q

Serratus anterior action

A

Protract (forward) with pec minor
Abduct raise arm above head with trapezius
Active in forced respiration

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16
Q

What if serratus anterior is paralyzed

A

Winging of scapula
Discovered when pushing scapula wing

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17
Q

Superficial axioqppendicular muscles

A

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi

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18
Q

Deep pos axioappendicular muscles

A

Levator scapulae
Rhomboids

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19
Q

Scapulohumeral miuscles

A

Deltoid
Teres major
Rotatur cuff:
Teres min
Supraspinatous
Infraspina
Subscapularis

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20
Q

Trapezius origin

A

Medial third of superior unchallenged line
External occipital protuberance
Ligaments nuchae
Spinous and it’s supraspinous c7 to t12

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21
Q

Trapezius insertion

A

Descending fibers. Lateral third of clavicle
Mid2dle
medial acromion
Superior lip of scapula crest

Ascending tuberculosis crest of scapula spine

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22
Q

Trapezius nerve

A

Spinal part of Accessory nerve

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23
Q

Trapezius action

A

Elevate scapula with levator scapulae
Fo2 w t7t. Rotate scapula forward with serratus anterior so that arm can be raised above head
Sup elevate
Middle retract scapula fix the shoulder
T7t depress shoulder

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24
Q

Latissimus dorsi origin

A

From this point of the lower six thoracic vertebrae anterior to trapezius

From post layer of thoraculumbar fascia
Outer lip of illicit crest
3 or 4 lower ribs
Outer inferior of Scapula

25
Q

Latissimus dorsi insertion

A

Floor of intertuberculur surface of humerus

26
Q

Lat dorsi innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

27
Q

Action of latissimus

A

Addiction
Extension
Medial rotation
Pull trunk upward and forward
Deep inspiration

28
Q

Lumbar triangle

A

Lateral external oblique
Base Iliad crest
Medial latissimus

29
Q

Triangle of ascultation

A

Above trapezius
Below latissimus
Lateral scapula
Floor 6 7 intercostal spaces and rhomboid major
Rhomboid major is exposed in triangle

30
Q

Levator scapulae origin

A

Post tranv3rse process of c1 to c4

31
Q

Levator insertion

A

Btwn superior angle and medial end of scapula spine

32
Q

Levator nerve

A

Branches of 3 and 4cervical spinal nerve and 5 through dorsal scapular nerve

33
Q

Levator action

A

Elevate scapula with trapezius

34
Q

Rhomboid minor origin and insertion

A

Ligamentun and spines of C7 and t1 vertebrae

Medial end of spine of scapula

35
Q

Rhomboid major origin and insertion

A

2 to 5 thoracic ligaments and spines

Root of spine and inferior angle of scapula

36
Q

Nerve and action of rhomboids

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

Retract –> squaring of shoulders

37
Q

Deltoid origin

A

Ant sup of lateral third of clavicle
Lateral superior surface of acromion
Lower edge of scapular spine

38
Q

Deltoid insertion

A

Deltoid tuberusity at Lateral middle of humerus shaft

39
Q

Deltoid innervation and action

A

Axillary nerve

Ant fibers flexion and medial rotation
Of arm. With pec major

Middle fibers abduct arm
Pos fibers extension and lateral rotation of arm with latissimus and tere major

40
Q

Deltopectoral groove

A

Btwn deltoid and pec major
Contains
Cephalic vein
Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery
Deltopectoral lymph nodes

41
Q

Supraspinatous origin

A

from medial twothirdof supra spinous fossa & fascia

42
Q

supraspinatus
insertion

A

under acromion into tendonabove shoulder joint f at highest facet ofgreater tubercleof humerus
tendon blend into articular
capsule

43
Q

supraspinatus
nerve &
action

A

supra scapular nerve

The conventional view is that
supraspinatus initiates
abduction of the shoulder (from
0 to 18 degrees) and assists
deltoid in abduction thereafter.
However, there is evidence that
both supraspinatus and deltoid
are involved throughout the
range of abduction, including
initiation of the movement.
• As part of the rotator cuff,
supraspinatus helps to stabilize
the head of the humerus in the
glenoid fossa during
movements of the
glenohumeral joint.

44
Q

The tendon of supraspinatus is separated from the coracoacromial
ligament, acronion & deltoid

A

by subacromial
bursa if inflamed abduction of
shoulderpainful

45
Q

infraspinatus origin

A

Origin: from the medial twothirds
of the infraspinous fossa,
and from the deep surface of
the infraspinous fascia.

46
Q

infraspinatus insertion

A

Its fibres converge to
a tendon which glides under the
lateral border of the spine of the
scapula, and then passes across
the posterior aspect of the
capsule of the shoulder joint to
be attached to the middle facet
on the greater tubercle of the
humerus.
 The tendon is sometimes
separated from the capsule by a
bursa, which may communicate
with the joint cavity.

47
Q

infraspinatus nerve &
action

A

Innervation: by the suprascapular nerve, C5 and 6.
 Action: Infraspinatus is a lateral rotator of the humerus.
Together with supraspinatus, subscapularis and teres
minor, it helps to stabilize the head of the humerus in
the glenoid fossa during shoulder movements.

48
Q

sub scapularis
origin

A

Origin: from the medial two-thirds
of the subscapular fossa. Other
fibres arise from tendinous
intramuscular septa, which are
attached to ridges on the bone,
and from the aponeurosis which
covers the muscle.

49
Q

Subscapularis
insertion

A

Insertion: The fibres converge
laterally into a broad tendon
which is attached to the lesser
tubercle of the humerus and the
front of the articular capsule.
 The tendon is separated from the
neck of the scapula by the large
subscapular bursa, which
communicates with the shoulder
joint.

50
Q

. innervation &
action of subscapularis

A

Innervation: by the upper and lower subscapular nerves,
C5, 6.
 Action: Subscapularis is a medial rotator of the humerus.
Together with supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres
minor, it helps to stabilize the head of the humerus in the
glenoid fossa during shoulder movements.

51
Q

Teresmajor origin.
insertion

A

 Origin: from the oval area on the dorsal surface of the
inferior scapular angle.
 Insertion: to the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus
(bicipital groove) of the humerus.

52
Q

nerve &actionTeres major

A

Innervation: by the lower subscapular nerve, C5, 6 and 7.
• Action: Teres major draws the humerus backwards and rotates
it medially. (Moore: Adducts and medially rotates arm).
 Teres major can be palpated posterior to the posterior axillary
fold during adduction of the humerus against resistance.

53
Q

Teres minor Origin & insertion

A

Origin: from the upper twothirds
of a flattened strip on the
dorsal surface of the scapula
adjoining its lateral border.
 Insertion: It runs upwards and
laterally. The upper fibres end in
a tendon attached to the lowest
facet on the greater tubercle of
the humerus. The lower fibres
are attached directly into the
humerus distal to this facet and
above the origin of the lateral
head of triceps.
 The tendon passes across, and
blends with, the lower posterior
surface of the capsule of the
shoulder joint.

54
Q

nerve & action of Teres minor
.

A

Innervation: by the axillary
nerve, C5 and 6.
 Action: Teres minor acts as
a lateral rotator and weak
adductor of the humerus.
Together with
supraspinatus, infraspinatus
and subscapularis, it helps
stabilize the head of the
humerus in the glenoid
fossa during shoulder
movements.

55
Q

action
of rotator cuff

A

during
movementof the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint is to hold the humeral head
in the glenoid cavity of the scapula

56
Q

quadrangular
space boundaries

A

Above: by subscapularis, the
capsule of the shoulder joint
and teres minor.
• Below: teres major.
• Medially: the long head of
triceps.
• Laterally: the surgical neck
of the humerus.
• The axillary nerve and the
posterior circumflex artery
and vein pass through this
space.

57
Q

The upper triangular space is
bounded:

A

Above by subscapularis anteriorly,
teres minor posteriorly,
• Below: teres major.
• Laterally: the long head of triceps.
 The circumflex scapular artery
passes through this space.

58
Q

 The lower triangular space is
bounded:

A

Above by the teres major.
• Medially: the long head of triceps.
• Laterally: the humerus.
 The radial nerve and the profunda
brachii vessels pass through this
space.

Hawraa Upperlimb Anatomy (4 decks)

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