Short wave diathermy, cold laser, thermotherapy, cryotherapy

Question 1

Indications for short wave diathermy

Answer 1

osteoarthritis
neck/back pain
ankle pain
dermal wounds
other musculoskeletal injuries/ pain

Question 2

contraindications for diathermy

Answer 2

loss of sensation
electronic implants
surgically implanted metal
metal in contact with skin
cancer
pregnancy
hemorrhage
ischemic areas
testes
eyes
open growth plates in children

Question 3

treatment area for diathermy

Answer 3

area of pain or wound

remove all metal

Question 4

clinical goal of diathermy

Answer 4

decrease pain, increase joint mobility, increase wound healing

Question 5

electrode of diathermy

Answer 5

capacitive or inductive

towels beetween electrode and skin

Question 6

duty cycle of diathermy

Answer 6

continuous or pulsed

Question 7

treatment time for diathermy

Answer 7

15-20 minutes

Question 8

indications for cold laser

Answer 8

pain
tendinopathy, epicondylitis
wound management
rheumatoid and osteoarthritis

Question 9

contraindications for cold laser

Answer 9

cancer
pregnancy
direct exposure to eyes
hemorrhage
thyroid gland
directly over open wounds, unless there is a clear protective barriers

Question 10

clinical goal of cold laser

Answer 10

stimulate healing
inhibit swelling
acute pain
chronic pain

Question 11

what is the intensity of cold laser to stimulate healing

Answer 11

low

Question 12

what is the intensity for cold laser to inhibit swelling, acute pain, chronic pain

Answer 12

high

Question 13

what is teh pulse frequency for stimulating healing for cold laser

Answer 13

1-500 Hz

Question 14

what is the pulse frequency for inhibiting swelling during cold laser

Answer 14

1000 Hz

Question 15

what is the pulse frequency for acute and chronic pain for cold laser

Answer 15

1000-3000 Hz

Question 16

treatment time for each of the cold laser

Answer 16

stimulate healing- 2-10 min
inhibit swelling- 1-3 min
acute pain- 3-5 min
chronic pain- 5-10 min

Question 17

indications for thermotherapy

Answer 17

decrease pain
decrease muscle spasm
osteoarthritis
RA

Question 18

contraindications for thermotherapy

Answer 18

areas of impaired heat sensation
malignancy
thrombophlebitis
hemorrhage
abdomen, pelvis, low back in pregnancy
acute inflammation/inflammatory conditions
unreliable patients

Question 19

describe hydrocollator pack protocol

Answer 19

heat application: moist heat
treatment area: any
best used for: chronic conditions
layers: 6-8 layers
treatment time: 15-20 minutes

Question 20

describe paraffin bath protocol

Answer 20

heat application: moist heat
treatment area: distal extremities
best used for: joint stiffness
layers: 7-10
treatment time: 30 minutes

Question 21

describe infrared lamp protocol

Answer 21

heat application: dry heat
treatment area: superficial
best used for: skin conditions or sensitive skin
layers: 18-20 inches perpendicular to skin
treatment time: 15-20 minutes

Question 22

describe warm whirlpool protocol

Answer 22

heat application: moist heat
treatment area: any
best used for: chronic conditions
layers: larger the body surface, the lower the temperature should be
additional notes: avoid body immersion for MS, fever, incontenince and pregnency
treatment time: 15-20 minutes

Question 23

describe fluidotherapy protocol

Answer 23

heat application: dry heat
treatment area: limbs
best used for: chronic conditions, heat plus active movement of limb
treatment time: 15-20 minutes

Question 24

describe contrast bath protocol

Answer 24

heat application: alternating warm and cool
treatment area: any
best used for: subacute or chronic pain
treatment time: 15-20 minutes

Question 25

indications for cryotherapy

Answer 25

relieve or decrease pain decrease blood flow and metabolism protect injured tissue decrease muscle spasm

Question 26

contraindications for cryotherapy

Answer 26

``` impaired cold sensation cold-induced urticaria raynaud's cryoglobulinemia paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria open wounds peripheral vascular disease unreliable patients ```

Question 27

describe ice cube test protocol

Answer 27

used in treatment area to rule out allergic reaction to cold

Question 28

describe nail bed protocol

Answer 28

compress the mail bed of a finger or toe and then release pressure nail bed should return to red/pin color within a few seconds

Question 29

describe ice massage protocol

Answer 29

treatment area: superficial best used for: bony prominence, tendon areas, small areas treat no more than 10 minutes

Question 30

describe ice bath protocol

Answer 30

``` treatment area: distal extremity best used for: submerging area in ice treatment time: 15-20 minutes first 5 minutes: sit next 15: active ROM ```

Question 31

gel pack protocol

Answer 31

treatment area: anywhere do no compress gel packs treatment time: 15-20 minutes

Question 32

ice bag protocol

Answer 32

treatment area: anywhere fill bag 1/2 full of ice and suck all the air out treatment time: 15-20 minutes