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AP Language and Composition > Short Story > Flashcards

Short Story Flashcards

1
Q

Point of story: Bernice Bobs Her Hair

A
  • women are changing
  • Marjorie represents the new women of the age
  • women are starting to have opinions on issues
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2
Q

Author of Bernice Bobs Her Hair

A

F. Scott Fitzgerald

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3
Q

Setting of Bernice Bobs Her Hair

A
  • America
  • the 1920’s
  • the “Jazz Age”
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4
Q

Social Competition–theme of Bernice Bobs Her Hair

A

jealousy and peer pressure drive the relationship between Marjorie and Bernice
>reflects the issues of adolescent social competition for attention, boyfriends, and popularity “the drama of the shifting, semicruel world of adolescence”

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5
Q

Freedom for young people–theme of Bernice Bobs Her Hair

A 
references the emergence of the teenage class
>dancing: "jazz nourished generation"
>riding around in cars
>they were wealthy 
>language of adolescent slang
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6
Q

Description of Marjorie

A

-new image for women
-popular
-restless
-seldom embarrassed
-never frightened
-“Oh, please don’t quote Little Women!…That’s out of style…What modern girl would live like those inane females?”
“A girl has to be dainty in person. If she looks like a million dollars she can talk about Russia, ping-pong, or the League of Nations and get away with it.”

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7
Q

Description of Bernice

A
  • old image for women
  • loner
  • stodgy
  • easily embarrassed
  • sensible
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8
Q

Diction in Bernice Bobs Her Hair

A

-uses the slang of the Jazz Age to create a real picture of the time period and the youth of the characters –> verisimilitude
Examples:
“Sall right.”
“Do you think I ought to bob my hair……?”
“I’m obliged loads.”
“I want to be a society vampire…”
“crazy about her”

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9
Q

Allusions to real people, places, and things in Bernice Bobs Her Hair

A
  • Princeton, Yale, Williams, and Cornell
  • Annie Fellows Johnston
  • Oscar Wilde
  • Hiram Johnson
  • Ty Cobb
  • Little Women
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10
Q

Genre of all texts

A

short story

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11
Q

Main characters in A Christmas Memory

A

Buddy, his friend

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12
Q

Setting of A Christmas Memory

A

rural southern America during the Depression of the 1930’s

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13
Q

Theme of A Christmas Memory

A

“There’s never two of anything.” The author takes a nostalgic look back at the pleasures of a simple childhood experience connecting with an adult in preparation for the holidays.”

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14
Q

Diction of A Christmas Memory

A

1) the author uses linguistic devices often associated with children: simplicity of language, list making
2) the author uses poetic language to bring the childhood experience to life

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15
Q

Biblical allusion in The Masque of the Red Death

A

-“death comes like a thief in the knight”
-Herod: King of Judea wanted to stop the birth of male babies who could become kings&raquo_space; “had out-heroded”
»refers to costuming–the figure wore clothing more ornate than a king

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16
Q

Personification in The Masque of the Red Death

A

The Red Death “pestilence raged”

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17
Q

Simile in The Masque of the Red Death

A

“He had come like a thief in the night” The Red Death > unexpected

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18
Q

Meaning of ebony clock in The Masque of the Red Death

A

symbolizes death, located in the black room, symbolizes the passing of “the time that flies” and the inevitability of death, chiming reminds the reveler that death is approaching

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19
Q

What does the masked figure symbolize?

A

The red death (Tuberculosis)

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20
Q

Who does Prince Prospero represent?

A

anyone who dies from the Red Death (victims of the disease)

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21
Q

What do the seven rooms represent?

A

the different stages of life

significance of the number 7: cyclical, seven days, seven sins

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22
Q

What does the black room on the westernmost side represent?

A

The red death, last stage of life (death), everyone is scared of this room

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23
Q

Give three words used to characterize Prince Prospero

A

happy, dauntless, sagacious, his surname Prospero=prosperous

>these are ironic because the theme is that the Prince was foolish for trying to fight the Red Death

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24
Q

What is the conflict in this story?

A

man vs. death (supernatural)

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25
Q

Theme of Masque of the Red Death

A

Death cannot be escaped and Prospero’s attempt to escape death is doomed

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26
Q

What does Poe mean when he says the “corpselike masque is “untenanted by any tangible form”?

A

The Red Death is a spirit; not a real person

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27
Q

Meaning of “In the fall the war was always there, but we did not go to it any more.” in In Another Country by Ernest Heminway

A

This is considered one of most memorable opening lines in all of American literature. The line is simple and direct, yet the words evoke a sense of desolation and despair. The sentence becomes something of a refrain repeated after the description of the boy whose face was blown off.

28
Q

Modernism definition

A

a literary movement in which writers tried to capture the essence of modern life in both the form and content of their work. Hemingway’s use of direct statement and straightforward passages with little elaboration, using rhythmic and precise language creates a new and recognizable change in prose writing.

29
Q

Life is unpredictable: theme of In Another Country

A

War’s impact on individuals leaves them rethinking their former goals in life. The major’s marriage which had supported him is suddenly over when his wife dies after a short illness.

30
Q

In modern time people are often presented with false hopes and promises: theme of In Another Country

A

The broken lives of the young soldiers are obvious because of their injuries and inability to go back….to the war or a normal life. The “machines” become symbols of the false promises of the modern age.

31
Q

Structure of In Another Country

A
  • the story lacks an exposition or resolution; this reflects the perception that life is uncertain, unpredictable and confusing.
  • There are no direct statements, but only impressions so that the reader makes his own conclusions about war.
  • This reflects Hemingway’s use of an “iceberg” theory. His syntax is sparse omitting explanations and interpretations.
  • Hemingway’s writing is sometimes described as journalistic.
32
Q

Setting of In Another Country

A

The men are in a hospital in Italy during World War I. The details of setting reflect a somber and melancholy mood. lost generation

33
Q

They are part of the generation that Gertrude Stein characterized as “lost.” How can this description be justified by Hemingway’s Story?

A

After World War I, there was a popular belief that life has no meaning because people saw how easily life could be cut short by war
> Many people took risks because they didn’t care about dying and they believed life was short anyway (YOLO) > from Romans Epicuris
>After World War I this belief died out > led to new optimism

34
Q

Diction in “In Another Country”

A
  • The diction repeats the words “cold “ and “wind” and “death.”
  • The narrator uses the word “boys” to describe the soldiers emphasizing their youth.
  • Italian is used to create verisimilitude&raquo_space; shows they are in Italy
35
Q

Author of A Horseman in the Sky

A

Ambrose Bierce

36
Q

Setting of A Horseman in the Sky

A

a precipice in West Virginia, a border state in 1861 (Civil War); the setting makes the plot possible

37
Q

Characters in A Horseman in the Sky

A
  • Carter Druse

- his father

38
Q

Themes in A Horseman in the Sky

A
  • anti-war

- whenever you kill someone in the war, you are killing a member of your (human) family

39
Q

Diction in A Horseman in the Sky

A
  • Military diction creates verisimilitude (ex: carbine, accoutrement, caparison, buff of the rifle, trigger)
  • Subtle diction in the description of the setting emphasizes height: acclivity, ascending, summit, height, high cliff
40
Q

Plot of A Horseman in the Sky

A

the events of the plot are presented as if they were snapshots:

  • of the Virginia setting
  • the conversation between Druse and his father at home
  • the return to the regiment in the valley

These events are presented like chapters in a book:
-the chapters (I, II, III…etc) represent each separate snapshot

41
Q

The movement of the plot of A Horseman in the Sky is guided by ____________.

A

the words of Druse’s father presented in the flashback: “…do what you conceive to be your duty.”

42
Q

How are the names in “The Lesson” significant?

A

They show the innocence, immaturity, and childishness of the narrator and characters in the story. (ex: Fat Butt, Rosie Giraffe)

43
Q

What is the significance of the title of the story?

A

The whole is about how Miss Moore is trying to teach the kids a lesson about how there isn’t a real divide between the races, but money creates one. In addition, not everyone has an equal chance. Therefore, the America is not a true democracy. Sylvia is affected by this and this is evident when she says, “Ain’t nobody gonna beat me at nuthin.” She realizes how unfair society is, but her friends such as Mercedes are not angered by this ugly truth.

44
Q

How does the language of the narrator contribute to the theme?

A

It creates verisimilitude, by using words in the talking parts of the story as well in the background part that would be used by children at the time period and in the black culture of Harlem. They tend to leave off the “g” at the end of adjectives, and to give each other funny names based on their appearance. It also shows how different children in Harlem are from every other culture. It shows how isolated they are.

45
Q

short story

A

Poe’s definition: a story you can read in one sitting

46
Q

prose

A

written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure.

47
Q

narrative

A

a spoken or written account of connected events; a story

48
Q

fiction

A

literature in the form of prose, especially short stories and novels, that describes imaginary events and people.

49
Q

Why did the genre (short story) particularly suit American culture?

A

People only had time to read short stories.

50
Q

syntax

A

the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.

51
Q

What did the short story become a vehicle for?

A

The short story became a vehicle for reflecting or criticizing social values.

52
Q

What are examples of universal human experiences that short stories dealt with?

A

love, war, jealousy, death, revenge

53
Q

Cinderella motif

A

when an unexpected person rises up randomly (ex: Bernice rose up the social ladder before her hair was cut short)&raquo_space; that person then experiences a rapid fall

54
Q

revenge motif

A

In Bernice Bobs Her Hair, Bernice chops off Marjorie’s blonde locks after Marjorie tricked her into cutting her hair into a bob

55
Q

duality meaning

A

the quality or condition of consisting of two parts, elements, or aspects or referring to more than one thing.

56
Q

Theme of Separating

A

A marriage, like a court, should be taken care for and not simply abandoned when crackles start to show. With proper care and attention, both can then last for a lifetime.

57
Q

What does the tennis court symbolize in Separating?

A

The marriage in the story may be perhaps compared to the tennis court that Richard so diligently repairs. It was perfect when it was new but now it is in ruins and needs patching. A marriage, like a court, should be taken care for and not simply abandoned when crackles start to show. With proper care and attention, both can then last for a lifetime.

58
Q

What does Richard realize in Separating?

A

This culminates in the final revelation when Richard realizes that he forgot the reason himself.
Richard inflicts his family with pain. At his best moments he recognizes his selfishness but he does not act upon it.

59
Q

The meaning of heritage: theme in Everyday Use

A

Angered by what she views as a history of oppression in her family, Dee has constructed a new heritage for herself and rejected her real heritage. However, the new name, like the “African” clothes and jewelry she wears to make a statement, is meaningless.

Furthermore, Dee views her real heritage as dead, something of the past, rather than as a living, ongoing creation.She has set herself outside her own history, rejecting her real heritage in favor of a constructed one.

60
Q

The Divisive Power of Education: theme in Everyday Use

A

Racism, passive acceptance, and forces beyond her control set Mama on the road that led to her life of toil. Dee was fortunate that Mama gave her the opportunity for advantages and refinements, but they have served only to create a wedge between Dee and the rest of the family. Dee uses her intellect to intimidate others, with her knowledge and worldliness, and is a threat to the simple world Mama and Maggie inhabit, and Dee seems determined to lord her knowledge over them.

61
Q

The weakness of public morality: Theme of Young Goodman Brown

A

Goodman Brown’s religious convictions are rooted in his belief that those around him are also religious. When Goodman Brown discovers that his father, grandfather, Goody Cloyse, the minister, Deacon Gookin, and Faith are all in league with the devil, Goodman Brown quickly decides that he might as well do the same. Hawthorne seems to suggest that the danger of basing a society on moral principles and religious faith lies in the fact that members of the society do not arrive at their own moral decisions. When they copy the beliefs of the people around them, their faith becomes weak and rootless.

62
Q

the inevitable loss of innocence: theme in young goodman brown

A

If the evil events are a dream, then they come completely from Goodman Brown’s head—a clear indication of his inherent dark side. If they are real, then Goodman Brown has truly seen that everyone around him is corrupt, and he brought this realization upon himself through his excessive curiosity. Goodman Brown’s loss of innocence was inevitable, whether the events of the night were real or a dream.

63
Q

the fear of the wilderness: theme of young goodman brown

A

From the moment he steps into the forest, Goodman Brown voices his fear of the wilderness, seeing the forest as a place where no good is possible. In this he echoes the dominant point of view of seventeenth-century Puritans, who believed that the wild New World was something to fear and then dominate. Goodman Brown, like other Puritans, associates the forest with the wild “Indians” and sees one hiding behind every tree. He believes that the devil could easily be present in

64
Q

theme of a young girl’s wish

A
  • Olivia reconnects with her Chinese heritage
  • Before, she believed American culture was better than Chinese culture
  • Her and her husband thought Chinese culture was weird
65
Q

What happened at the end of A Young Girl’s Wish

A

Kwan’s mother’s ghost apologized to her for sending her to America.

AP Language and Composition (7 decks)

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