Short species questions

Question 1

For a perennial grass that can tolerate heavy grazing when fertilized heavily with nitrogen fertilizer and can cause prussic acid poisoning.

Answer 1

Cynodon dactylon (Kweekgras)

Question 2

For a species which is tolerant of alkaline and sodic soils

Answer 2

Botrichloa insculpta (Creeping bluegrass)

Question 3

For a a perennial herb pasture that can have a high CP content similar to legume pastures and extremely drought tolerant and most of all adapted to acid soils which legume pasture are not.

Answer 3

Pisum sativum - Forage Peas

Question 4

For a subtropical annual root crop which is grazed using a strip grazing system but has a high soil requirement for [boron] and [magnesium] to grow properly

Answer 4

Beta vulgaris - Fodder beet

Question 5

Which species is most tolerant to high temperatures?

Answer 5

Brassica napus ssp. Napus

Question 6

Which species is least nitrogen use efficient?

Answer 6

Weeping lovegrass

Question 7

What annual tropical species would you plant that is adapted to low fertility soils with a good
protein that can be strip grazed?

Answer 7

Raphanus sativus (Fodder radish)

Question 8

Which perennial temperate species tolerates heavy grazing but is sensitive to acidic soils?

Answer 8

Phalaris aquatica (Phalaris)

Question 9

Which subtropical grass is most palatable for sheep when kept short?

Answer 9

Cynodon dactylon (Kweekgras or Couchgrass)

Question 10

Which stoloniferous and strong perennial subtropical grass suppresses legumes on a clay soil
with a pH of 7.3?

Answer 10

Botrichloa insculpta (Creeping Bluegrass)

Question 11

Which annual temperate legume pasture is high yielding, but you run the risk of saponin toxicity
when soils have a high aluminium content?

Answer 11

Pisum sativum (forage peas)

Question 12

Which species is highly competitive in areas that are prone to flooding?

Answer 12

Broadleaf setaria

Question 13

Which temperate species has a high disease resistance and what is it a hybrid of?

Answer 13

a. Festulolium (Festulolium)

b. Mixture of Lolium perenne and Festuca arundinacea

Question 14

Which perennial tropical legume makes a good silage?

Answer 14

Agroptillium tropurpursum (Siratro)

Question 15

Haemolytic anaemia in the middle of winter in the summer rainfall region of Belfast at -2 degrees
C when green feed is cut for weaners

Answer 15

Brassica oleracea spp. Acephala (Kale)

Question 16

Iron chlorosis in a soil with a pH of 3.9 in winter with a rainfall of 1400 mm

Answer 16

Paspalum notatum (Bahia Grass)

Question 17

Hydrocyanic acid poisoning on well fertilised newly established (8-week-old) pasture.

Answer 17

Cynodon dactylon (Kweekgras or Couchgrass)

Question 18

Nitrate poisoning found in a subtropical pasture on a clay soil that received 1300 mm rain.

Answer 18

Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu)

Question 19

Increased levels of oxalates where the pasture is grown on a soil pH of 8 with a high salinity
level.

Answer 19

Beta vulgaris (Fodder beet)

Question 20

Which species is more water use efficient? Brassica oleracea or Echinochloa crus-galli?

Answer 20

Echinochloa crus-galli

Question 21

Which species is more nitrogen-use efficient? Dactylis glomerate or Eragrostis teff?

Answer 21

Eragrostis teff

Question 22

Which species is more adapted to high temperature? Trifolium pratense or Brachiara brizantha?

Answer 22

Brachiara brizantha (Signal Grass)

Question 23

Which species is most tolerant to low temperature? Broadleaf setaria or Kale?

Answer 23

Kale

Question 24

Which species is most tolerant of shade? Birdsfoot or Wool Grass?

Answer 24

Birdsfoot

Question 25

A farm in the NC that the farmer wants to prepare foggage for early winter. The rainfall is 300 mm
per annum, evening temps in autumn go as low as -5 degrees C. Soils have less than 10% clay
and P levels are less than 2 mg/ kg soil.

Answer 25

Anthephora pubescens (Wool Grass)

Question 26

A farm in the winter rainfall region where the farmer wants to intensively graze a high protein
crop for short periods to supplement his natural veld. The farm soil has a pH of 5 with extremely
high levels of Mn with a rainfall of 970 mm/ annum.

Answer 26

Lotus spp. (Birdsfoot)

Question 27

A farm in the Karoo with a rainfall of 380 mm/ annum with a soil pH of 8.1. this farm must
produce early summer grazing with remaining material to be used for silage.

Answer 27

Echinochloa crus-galli (Jap Millet)

Question 28

A farm in KZN (Or Mpumalanga) with a rich soil with a pH of 5.5 planted to ryegrass/ clover
pastures for many years in the past. This farm has a high incidence of frost in winters and has
high temperatures in summer with a rainfall of 765 mm/ annum. The aim is to graze the pasture
frequently for a few years.

Answer 28

Cichorium intybus (Chicory)

Question 29

A farm in Pongola, Mpumalanga (or KZN) with a rainfall of 1250 mm/ annum. Heavy poorly
drained black clay soils are prevalent with a pH of 5.6. The farmer has an extremely high
stocking rate on his farm and is seeking a grass that can produce a high-quality forage with a
protein value of above 16%.

Answer 29

Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu)

Question 30

A farm in Zambia with a rainfall of 1900 mm/ annum, the farmer seeks to produce a protein rich
silage as a supplement for his stud breeding animals.

Answer 30

Lablab purpureus (Lablab bean)

Question 31

A sheep farmer in the Kalahari seeks to supplement his grazing with a nutritious forage. His
rainfall average, the last 4 years, has been 220 mm/ annum and his soil pH is about 4.8 but has
high salinity levels.

Answer 31

Atriplex nummelaria (Old man salt bush)

Question 32

A farm in Mpumalanga at an altitude of 1800 m above sea level, with extremely hot summers and
extremely cold winter with a significant frost. Sandy soil pH levels of 4.3 and rainfall of 800 mm.
Farmer aims to produce hay and alternatively graze with sheep intensively.

Answer 32

Eragrostis curvula (Weeping Love Grass)

Question 33

Which strong perennial grass is highly competitive and is known to cause hypocalcaemia and
hypomagnesaemia

Answer 33

Setaria sphacelate var. splendida (Broadleaf setaria)

Question 34

Which annual species tolerates saline and alkaline soils that can be used for silage?

Answer 34

Echinochloa crus-galli (Jap millet)

Question 35

Which perennial strongly stoloniferous grass does not grow well on a sandy, sodic or saline
soil?

Answer 35

Botrichloa insculpta (Creeping Bluegrass)

Question 36

Which perennial grass that can tolerate heavy grazing when fertilised heavily with N fertiliser can
cause prussic acid poisoning?

Answer 36

Cynodon dactylon (Kweekgras or Couch grass)

Question 37

A farm in NW with a rainfall of 460 mm per annum with a soil pH of 8.1. This farm must produce
early summer grazing with remaining material to be used for silage.

Answer 37

Echinochloa crus-galli (Jap Millet)