Short answers

Question 1

Middle ear infection

Answer 1

Leads to damage to facial nerve and causes Bell’s palsy
Inability to perform facial expression

Question 2

Pituitary lesions/tumour

Answer 2

Causes interference with the optic chiasm
Prevents medial optic fibres from crossing over and can can cause a loss of peripheral vision

Question 3

Spinal tap

Answer 3

Performed at spinal levels L3 and L4 where conus medullaris ends

Question 4

Inguinal hernia

Answer 4

Weakest point in abdominal wall is the inguinal canal

Question 5

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 5

Cochlear branch: spiral organ of corti
Vestibular branch: vestibular ganglia
Inner ear damage can cause loss of hearing

Question 6

Posterior column mediated lemniscus damage

Answer 6

Loss of tactile sense and kinesthetic (position and movement) of the ipsilateral limb below the level of the lesion

Question 7

Destruction of lateral Spinothalamic tracts

Answer 7

Contralateral loss of pain and thermal sensation below level of lesion

Question 8

Destruction of anterior spinothalamic tract

Answer 8

Contralateral loss of light touch, pressure sensations below lesion

Question 9

External carotid artery branches

Answer 9

Superior thyroid
Maxillary
Facial
Ascending pharyngral
Occipital
Superficial temporal
Posterior auricular

Question 10

Lateral nasal walls

Answer 10

Maxilla, ethmoid, palatine