Shock Flashcards
1
Q
Definition
A
CVS collapse resulting in inadequate organ perfusion
BP <90/60 mmHg, tachycardia
2
Q
Types of shock and clinical features, pathology
A
Hypovolemic - cold moist skin Cardiogenic - cold moist skin Anaphylactic - urticarial itchy skin Septic - warm flushed skin Neurogenic - warm dry skin
Acute myocarditis
- congestion and oedema
- lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate
3
Q
Management of hypovolemic shock
A
Fluid +++
Surgery to stop bleeding
ICU support
4
Q
Management of cardiogenic shock
A
Fluid + to avoid overloading limited cardiac capacity
Medical emergency: strict bed rest
CCU care
5
Q
Management of paediatric sepsis
A
- Oxygen
- Blood tests: CBC, RLFT, Glu, ABG, culture and sensitivity
- Fluid +++
- Empirical antibiotics
- Consult seniors
- Inotropics support
6
Q
Pathogenesis - endothelial activation, macrophages and neutrophil activation, multi-organ failure
A
Endothelial activation
- factor XII –> DIC –> tissue ischaemia
- IL6, IL8, NO, ROS –> dilated leaky vessels
Macrophages and neutrophils activation
- IL1, TNF –> fever
- IL10 –> limits inflammation
Multi-organ failure