Shock Flashcards

1
Q

Definition

A

CVS collapse resulting in inadequate organ perfusion

BP <90/60 mmHg, tachycardia

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2
Q

Types of shock and clinical features, pathology

A
Hypovolemic - cold moist skin
Cardiogenic - cold moist skin
Anaphylactic - urticarial itchy skin
Septic - warm flushed skin
Neurogenic - warm dry skin

Acute myocarditis

  • congestion and oedema
  • lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate
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3
Q

Management of hypovolemic shock

A

Fluid +++
Surgery to stop bleeding
ICU support

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4
Q

Management of cardiogenic shock

A

Fluid + to avoid overloading limited cardiac capacity
Medical emergency: strict bed rest
CCU care

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5
Q

Management of paediatric sepsis

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Blood tests: CBC, RLFT, Glu, ABG, culture and sensitivity
  3. Fluid +++
  4. Empirical antibiotics
  5. Consult seniors
  6. Inotropics support
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6
Q

Pathogenesis - endothelial activation, macrophages and neutrophil activation, multi-organ failure

A

Endothelial activation

  • factor XII –> DIC –> tissue ischaemia
  • IL6, IL8, NO, ROS –> dilated leaky vessels

Macrophages and neutrophils activation

  • IL1, TNF –> fever
  • IL10 –> limits inflammation

Multi-organ failure

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