Shock

Question 1

what are the 4 types of shock

Answer 1

cardiogenic
hypovolaemic
obstructive
distributive

Question 2

what things cause Cardiogenic shock

Answer 2

MI

Arrhythmia

Question 3

what things cause Hypovolaemic shock

Answer 3

Haemorrhage
Fluid loss - burns, diarrhoea
Endocrine - DKA, Addisonian crisis

Question 4

what things cause Obstructive shock

Answer 4

PE

Tension pneumothorax

Question 5

what are the types of distributive shock

Answer 5

septic
anaphylactic
neurogenic

Question 6

signs of shock

Answer 6

low BP

tachycardia

Question 7

if a patient feels cold and clammy, what type of shock might they be experiencing

Answer 7

Cardiogenic or hypovolaemic

Question 8

if a patient feels warm and well perfused, what type of shock might they be experiencing

Answer 8

Septic shock

Question 9

initial management of shock

Answer 9

ABCDE

• IV access 2 14 G cannulas
• crystalloid fluids to raise BP

Question 10

specific drugs given in anaphylaxis

Answer 10

IM 0.5mg adrenaline
IV 100mg hydrocortisone
IV 10mg chloramphenamine

Question 11

in haemorrhagic shock, what % of blood volume needs to be lost before BP falls

Answer 11

30%

Question 12

Physiological changes in shock:

• Class I
• Class II
• Class III
• Class IV

Answer 12

Class I - completely compensated for
Class II - tachycardia
Class III - tachycardia, hypotension, confusion
Class IV - loss of consciousness, severe hypotension