shock

Question 1

What is shock ?

Answer 1

Shock is acute circulatory failure resulting in adequate organ perfusion

Question 2

What is shocked often defined as ?

Answer 2

Is often defined as low systolic BP < 90 mmhg or MAP < 65 mmhg with evidence of tissue hypoperfusion, e.g mottled skin, urine output of less than 0.5mg/kg for 1 hour etc

Question 3

List the different types of shocks

Answer 3

CASHED IN

Question 4

Give 2 example of endocrine causes which made cause shock

Answer 4

addisons disease and hypothyroidism

Question 5

What are the 4 primary causes of a cardiogenic shock ? 😭

Answer 5

4As: 1. ACS, specifically MI, 2. Aortic dissection, 3. Acute valve failure due to IE and 4. arrhythmias

Question 6

What are the 3 secondary causes of a cardiogenic shock ? 😭

Answer 6

1. PE, 2. Tension pneumothorax and 3. cardiac tamponade

Question 7

State 3 physical findings indicative of a cardiogenic shock ? 😭

Answer 7

1. cold and clammy
2. tachycardic and hypotensive (with narrow pulse pressure)
3. 3 signs of heart failure: 1. Raised JVP, 2. 3rd prominent heart sound and gallop rhythm if tachycardic, 3. Bilateral basal crackles

Question 8

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is an anaphylactic shock ?

Answer 8

type 1 hypersensitivity

Question 9

What are the 2 main allergens or precipitants that cause an anaphylactic shock ?

Answer 9

1. and 2.

Question 10

What are the 5 other allergens or precipitants that cause an anaphylactic shock ?

Answer 10

1. , 2. , 3. , 4. and 5. .

Question 11

Itching, sweating, vomiting, erythema and urticaria are signs and symptoms of… what ?

Answer 11

anaphylactic shock

Question 12

Wheeze and laryngeal obstruction, oedema and cyanosis are also signs and symptoms of … along with … what ?

Answer 12

anaphylactic shock

Question 13

What are the 2 most common causes of a septic shock ?

Answer 13

1. and 2,

Question 14

State 3 signs and symptoms of septic shock

Answer 14

1. , 2. and 3.

Question 15

State 3 physical and laboratory findings that are indicative of a septic shock

Answer 15

1. , 2. and 3.

Question 16

State 4 common causes of a hypovolaemic shock 😭

Answer 16

1. Haemorrhage (due to bleeding from aneurysm), 2. Burns, 3. massive dehydration and 4. Vomiting and diarrhoea

Question 17

State 4 signs and symptoms of hypovolaemic shock 😭

Answer 17

1. Cold and clammy, 2. poor cap refill > 2, 3. oliguria/anuria and 4. confusion (low GCS)

Question 18

State 3 techniques used to monitor and manage shock 😭

Answer 18

1. check o2 sats, resp rate and listen to chest
2. check HR, BP and cap refill
3. monitor urine output with catheter