Shock Flashcards
1
Q
hypovolemic shock
A
- when too little circulating blood volume decreases MAP –> inadequate total body perfusion and oxygenation
- Look @ lactic acid levels - means there is hypovolume somewhere
2
Q
cardiogenic shock
A
- when heart muscle is unhealthy and pumping is impaired –> decreases CO and MAP
3
Q
distributive shock
A
- when blood volume is not lost from body, but is moved to interstitial tissues where it can’t perfuse organs –> decrease MAP
- can be neural or chemical induced
4
Q
obstructive shock
A
- problems that impair the ability of the heart to pump effectively; heart is normal
ex. cardiac tamponade
5
Q
sepsis
A
widespread infection that triggers whole-body inflammation
6
Q
- Initial stage of shock
A
- early stage – ↓ MAP < 10 mmHg from baseline
- compensatory mechanisms effective at this point
- ⇡ HR
- slight ⇡ diastolic BP
- normal cerebral perfusion
- if caught at this point, pt will make full recovery
7
Q
- nonprogressive (compensatory) stage of shock
A
- compensatory mechanisms start to fail
- ↓ MAP = 10-15 mmHg from baseline
- tissue hypoxia to non-vital organs
- ⇡ HR
- ⇡ RR
- ↓ UO
- ↓ systolic BP
- ⇡ diastolic BP
- cool extremities
- ↓ O2 sat
- acidosis and hyperkalemia
- patient can still recover at this stage
8
Q
- progressive stage of shock
A
- sustained ↓ in MAP of > 20 mmHg
- compensatory mechanisms unable to deliver sufficient O2 to vital organs (vital organs = hypoxia and non-vital organs = anoxic (no O2) and ischemic
- “impending doom”
- rapid, weak pulse
- ↓ BP
- pallor, cyanosis
- anuria
- ↓ O2 sat
- ⇡ lactic acid –> acidosis
- hyperkalemia
- focus on = save the patient
9
Q
- refractory stage of shock and MODS
A
- severe cellular and tissue injury
- vital organs can’t respond to interventions
- shock continues
- MODS
- life is not sustainable
10
Q
first manifestation of shock?
A
⇡ HR
11
Q
what crystalloid fluid should be used with blood?
A
- 9 % NS
- others may interact w/blood
