Shock

Question 1

Def shock

Answer 1

It is defined as the systemic hypo perfusion caused by reduction in either cardiac output or effective circulating blood volume

Question 2

Types of shock

Answer 2

1. Major type:
   Hypovolemic
   Cardiogenic
   Septic shock
   2.less common
   Neurogenic shock
   Anaphylactic shock
   Traumatic shock
   Hypoadrenal shock

Question 3

Stages of shock

Answer 3

1.Non pprogressive shock stage(early)
Compensatory mechanisms include inc heart rate increased peripheral resistance
Maintains perfusion of vital organs
2. Progressive stage:
Tissue hypoperfusion
Circulatory and metabolic imbalance

Characteristics:
Lactic acidosis
Decreased urine output
Confusion

3. Irreversible stage:
   Organ damage and metabolic disturbances are severe
   Features:
   Decreased myocardial contractility
   Multiorgan failure
   Dic
   Renal shut down

Question 4

Complications in shock

Answer 4

Due to hypoxic cell injury

Ards
Dic
Acute renal failure
Multiple organ dysfunction

Question 5

Septic shock

Answer 5

Profound circulatory and metabolic abnormality due to sepsis resulting from microbial infection
G
1. Gram -ve septicaemia
2. Gram + ve septicaemia

Due to gram neg bacteria
Gram pos bacteria
Fungi