Shock

Question 1

Define shock

Answer 1

Severe imbalances between oxygen supply and demand leading to inadequate cellular energy production
(oxygen consumption > delivery)

Question 2

What are the 4 functional classifications of circulatory shock?

Answer 2

1) hypovolemic
2) distributive
3) obstructive
4) cardiogenic

Question 3

Oxygen delivery= CO X _____

Answer 3

arterial content of oxygen

cardiac output is affected by heart rate and stroke volume. Arterial content of oxygen is affected by the oxygen saturation (SaO2) and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)

Question 4

What are the potential consequences of shock?

Answer 4

Na/K ATPase dysfunction
Cellular necrosis
acidemia
endothelial dysfunction
activation of inflammatory and coagulation cascades
MODS
Death

Question 5

how does hypovomeia cause shock?

Answer 5

Hypovolemia is characterized by decreased intravascular volume which decreases prelaod and thus decrease cardiac output which affects oxygen delivery.

Question 6

What are causes of hypovolemic shock?

Answer 6

Hemorrhage (internal or external)
Severe dehydration (GI, renal)
3rd space fluid loss
severe burns.

Question 7

What is the pathoysiology of distributive shocK?

Answer 7

Maldistribution of fluid from changes in the vascular tone and increased vascular permeability –> RELATIVE hypovolemia –> decreased systemic vascular resistance