Shock

Question 1

What are the 4 types of shock?

Answer 1

Hypovolaemic,
cardiogenic,
obstructive,
distributive

Question 2

3 signs of hypovolaemic shock

Answer 2

Tachycardia, reduced JVP, cold peripheries

Question 3

3 signs of cardiogenic shock

Answer 3

tachycardia, elevated JVP, cold peripheries

Question 4

3 signs of obstructive shock

Answer 4

tachycardia, elevated JVP, cold peripheries

Question 5

3 signs of distributive shock

Answer 5

tachycardia (bradycardia in neurogenic shock), elevated JVP, peripheries warm

Question 6

Describe what hypovolaemic shock is

Answer 6

Reduced intravascular volume resulting in reduced cardiac output

Question 7

Describe what cardiogenic shock is

Answer 7

Intracardiac dysfunction resulting in reduced cardiac output

Question 8

Describe what obstructive shock is

Answer 8

Extracardiac causes obstructing/restricting cardiac output

Question 9

Describe what distributive shock is

Answer 9

Shock due to severe peripheral vasodilation

Question 10

Causes of hypovolaemic shock

Answer 10

Haemorrhage,
trauma,
burns,
GI loss,
renal loss (DKA),
third space loss (eg. pancreatitis)

Question 11

Causes of cardiogenic shock

Answer 11

MI,
arrhythmias,
aortic or mitral valve insufficiency

Question 12

Causes of obstructive shock

Answer 12

PE,
tension pneumothorax,
pericardial tamponade,
constrictive pericarditis,
restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 13

Causes of distributive shock

Answer 13

septic shock,
anaphylaxis,
neurogenic

Question 14

Management of Septic shock

Answer 14

1. give O2 therapy
2. take blood cultures
3. give IV antibiotics
4. give IV fluids
5. check serial lactate
6. measure urine output