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Complex Health > shock > Flashcards

shock Flashcards

1
Q

hypovolemic shock description

A

significant decrease in intravascular volume by 15-30%

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2
Q

hypovolemic shock causes

A

traumatic blood loss
internal fluid shifts: edema, ascites, severe hydration

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3
Q

hypovolemic shock pathophysiology

A

decrease in intravascular volume which results in decreased venous blood return to heart and decreased ventricular filling.

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4
Q

hypovolemic shock s/s

A

impaired perfusion
thready pulses
decreased LOC
pale cool skin

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5
Q

hypovolemic shock hemodynamics

A

BP decreased
HR increased
CO decreased
SVR increased

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6
Q

hypovolemic shock treatment

A

finding causes
replace fluids or blood
vasoactive meds
O2
monitor for adverse effects of treatment

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7
Q

cardiogenic shcok description

A

the heart’s ability to contract and pump blood is impaired, and the supply of O2 is inadequate for heart and tissues

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8
Q

cardiogenic shock causes

A

direct damage to myocardium
hypoxemia or hyperglycemia causes damage
myocardial infarction

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9
Q

cardiogenic shock pathophysiology

A

decrease in SV and CO

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10
Q

cardiogenic shock s/s

A

decreased BP and tissue perfusion
chest pain
fatigue
pulmonary edema
dysrhythmias

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11
Q

cardiogenic shock hemodynamics

A

BP decreased
HR increased
CO decreased
SVR increased

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12
Q

cardiogenic shock treatment

A

treat cause
O2
pain control
lab and hemodynamic monitoring
cardiac meds
positive inotropes, vasopressors, antidysrhythmic meds

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13
Q

septic shock description

A

widespread infection in body. more than 31 million people impacted. more than 6 million people die annually

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14
Q

septic shock causes

A

any agent that causes infection

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15
Q

septic shock pathophysiology

A

inflammatory response is overwhelming. vessels vasodilated and increased capillary permeability. leak into interstitial tissues. cytokines cause clotting

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16
Q

septic shock s/s

A

tachycardia
HTN
increased lactic acid levels
hypoxic
hypo or hyperthermia

17
Q

septic shock hemodynamics

A

BP decreased
HR increased
CO decreased
SVR decreased

18
Q

septic shock treatment

A

measure lactate level
obtain blood cx X2 before abx
administer broad spectrum abx
administer 30 ml/kg crystalloid (NS and LR are crystalloids/isotonic fluids)
after 6 hrs apply vasopressors if needed. reassess.
early nutritional support

19
Q

neurogenic shock description

A

a loss of balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation causes vasodilation, leading to relative hypovolemic state

20
Q

neurogenic shock causes

A

spinal cord injury
anesthesia or other damage
meds, hyperglycemia

21
Q

neurogenic shock pathophysiology

A

overriding parasympathetic nervous system stimulation causes drastic decrease in SVR and bradycardia

22
Q

neurogenic shock s/s

A

bradycardia
dry warm skin
hypotension

23
Q

neurogenic shock hemodynamics

A

BP decreased
HR decreased
CO decreased
SVR decreased

24
Q

neurogenic shock treatment

A

restore sympathetic tone
cant do much to treat cause
support cardiovascular and neurologic function
prevent complications- dvts and internal bleeding (trauma)

25
Q

anaphylactic shock description

A

caused by a severe allergic reaction when patients who have already produced antibodies to a foreign substance develop a systemic antigen-antibody reaction

26
Q

anaphylactic shock causes

A

food, insects, meds that cause an allergy

27
Q

anaphylactic shock pathophysiology and s/s

A

5-30 min after exposure
2 or more of:
respiratory compromise
reduced BP
GI distress
skin and mucosal irritation

28
Q

anaphylactic shock hemodynamics

A

BP decreased
HR increased
CO decreased
SVR decreased

29
Q

anaphylactic shock treatment

A

remove agent if present first
IV fluids
epinephrine IM or IV
histamine blockers or bronchodilators

30
Q

compensatory stage of shock

A

normal BP
increased HR >100
increased RR >22
cold/clammy skin
decreased UOP
confusion or agitation
respiratory alkalosis

31
Q

progressive stage of shock

A

low BP
increased HR >150
increased RR, rapid and shallow
mottled skin
decreased UOP <0.5 mL/kg/hr
lethargy
metabolic acidosis

32
Q

irreversible stage of shock

A

low BP requires support
erratic HR
requires intubation
jaundice
anuric, requires dialysis
unconscious
profound metabolic and lactic acidosis

Complex Health (1 decks)

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