Shock Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of shock
A
Impaired perfusion to tissues to sustain normal organ function
2
Q
5 main types of shock?
A
- hypovolaemic
- cardiogenic
- obstructive
- distributive
- cytotoxic
3
Q
Give a cause of hypovolaemic shock.
A
Blood loss/body fluid loss
4
Q
Give causes of cardiogenic shock.
A
- acute MI
- cardiac tamponade
- valvular dysfunction
- CCF
5
Q
What is distributive shock? Give causes of distributive shock.
A
- Reduction in SVR beyond compensatory limits of increased CO
- septic shock, anaphylactic shock and neurogenic
6
Q
Give causes of obstructive shock.
A
- cardiac tamponade
- PE
7
Q
Cardiac output is reduced in all but two types of shock. Which are these?
A
- Septic shock -> CO increased initially
- Cytotoxic shock
8
Q
What is cytotoxic shock and give two causes.
A
- Tissue perfusion is fine but there is impaired tissue/mitochondria oxygen uptake
- CO poisoning or CN-poisoning
9
Q
What clinical signs increase with increased blood loss in hypovolaemic shock?
A
- PR
- RR
- degree of confusion/anxiety
10
Q
What clinical signs decrease with increased fluid loss in hypovolaemic shock?
A
- BP normal at Class I and II until about 30% blood loss then decrease
- Pulse pressure
- Urine output
