Shitty Shetty Questions - Fall 2014 Flashcards
75 y/o with history of congestive heart failure, 2 MI, and claudication in Right calf during exercise. Which is the best exercise protocol?
Walking 3x/day for 10-15 minutes
Following exercise, normal blood pressure remains elevated for
15-20 minutes
For each 1 MET increase, systolic blood pressure would increase
5-10mmHg
Which of the following is false concerning blood pressure response during moderately steady state exercise in a healthy individual?
a. compared to leg, arm cycle O2 at same O2 uptake is generally performed with lower systolic blood pressure
b. Magnitude of ones BP linked to cardiac output and total peripheral resistance (True?)
c. Systolic blood pressure increases rapidly, but then levels off between 140 and 160 mmHg
d. At the same percentage of peak oxygen consumption, blood pressure is higher during dynamic arm exercise compared to dynamic leg exercise.
Answer: a
d. pg. 151: At the same percentage of peak oxygen consumption, blood pressure is higher during dynamic arm exercise compared to dynamic leg exercise. Because there is greater resistance to blood flow with arm exercise because of smaller muscle size and vasculature.
8 METS is equivalent to
28 ml/O2/kg/min
normal O2 utilzation at rest?
200 ml
or 300 ml (extreme shitty shetty question)
Which of the following activities is equivalent to 3-4 METS?
a. Level walking at 1mph
b. Jogging at 5 mph
c. Cycling at 10 mph
d. Walking on a treadmill at 3 mph
Walking on a treadmill at 3 mph
It is important to perform cool-down exercises immediately following a general aerobic exercise program primarily in order to prevent:
a. venous pooling
b. cardiac arrhythmia
c. decreased body temperature
d. muscle tightening
a. venous pooling
Complete Degradation of 1 mole of glucose produces:
a. 16 moles of ATP
b. 38 moles of ATP
c. 686 moles of ATP
d. 2 moles of ATP
b. 38 moles of ATP
Following exercise, normally blood pressure:
a. remained elevated for 5-6 hours
b. immediately returns to pre-exercise level
c. remains elevated only for 15-20 minutes
d. remains elevated for days in muscle glycogen is not replenished
c. remains elevated only for 15-20 minutes
What is the resting cardiac output for a healthy person?
a. 300 ml/min
b. 4-6 L/min
4-6 L/min
OBLA occurs at what % max HR?
60%
Incomplete degradation of 1 mole of glucose?
a. 16 mole ATP
b. 38 mole ATP
c. 2 mole ATP
2 mole ATP
Main metabolic pathway in low-intensity activities and at rest
a. aerobic metabolism
b. aerobic glycolysis
AEROBIC METABOLISM
What is the purpose of the Krebs cycle?
a. release ATP
b. Provide energy
c. Cleave hydrogen ions and electrons from substrate
d. Help NAD and FAD
c. Cleave hydrogen ions and electrons from substrate
The following statements are true about anaerobic glycolysis EXCEPT
a. lactic acid is formed
b. chemical reactions take place in the cytoplasm
c. glucose may either come from blood glucose or muscle glycogen
d. produces 38 ATP
d. produces 38 ATP
Approximate amount of 02 needed to lift 1 kgm of weight.
a. 24.6 ml
b. 5 ml
c. 1000 ml
d. 300 ml
b. 5 ml
Amount of lactic acid in a regular human is 10 mg/dL. Therefore, approximate amount of lactic acid present in a normal person is
a. 500 mg or 1/5 g
- Which of the following metabolism is association with an increase in lactic acid?
a. anaerobic metabolism
b. anaerobic glycolysis
ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS
A lower ejection fraction is an indicator of what?
a. higher level of cardiac fitness
b. lower level of cardiac fitness
c. higher aerobic capacity
d. higher muscular endurance
b. lower level of cardiac fitness
During rest, when compared to the normal person – A heart transplant person with the same body type will demonstrate which?
a. SV and Q the same
b. SV and BP same
c. SV lower, Q same
d. HR and SV higher
c. SV lower, Q same
Women have lower O2 carrying capacity (less fatigue) compared to men due to the following EXCEPT?
a. increased flexibility
b. max O2 carrying capacity is greater than men
c. women have 12-16 g of hemoglobin
d. men have 14-18 g of hemoglobin
a. increased flexibility
You are trying to determine the energy expenditure in calories for a patient. Assuming you have the metabolic equivalent of the activity – what is the other necessary measurement to obtain in order to determine approximate estimate of energy expenditure
a. stroke volume
b. residual volume
c. height
d. weight
d. weight
?Bradycardia due to training happens from the following effect
a. changes in the endocrine system?
b. changes in the sympathetic nervous system
c. changes in the parasympathetic nervous system?
d. changes in the AV node
c. changes in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Resting stroke volume increases due to aerobic training because
a. increase in EDV, decrease in ESV
b. increase in EDV, increase in ESV
a. increase in EDV, decrease in ESV
Aerobic exercises have all the following effects on cardiopulmonary training, EXCEPT?
a. rest/submaximal HR decreases
b. increase in stroke volume
c. tidal volume decreases
d. increase O2 extraction
c. tidal volume decreases
The site of O2 exchange in the lungs is at the…?
alveoli
Normal FEV/FVC is
a. 30%
b. 70%
c. 85%
d. 95%
c. 85%
In obstructive pulmonary disease such as COPD, residual volume increases due to:
a. difficulty inhaling
b. difficulty breathing
c. difficulty exhaling
d. difficulty inhaling and exhaling
c. difficulty exhaling
Which of the following is a normal hemoglin level?
a. 15
b. 20
c. 25
a. 15
The lower V02max in females is related to
a. strength
b. muscular endurance
c. physical fitness
d. lower cardiovascular endurance and body type
d. lower cardiovascular endurance and body type
Which of the following is a long-term effect of cigarette smoking?
a. Minute Ventilation stays the same, decreased tidal volume, increased HR
b. decreased minute ventilation, decreased tidal volume, decreased HR
a. Minute Ventilation stays the same, decreased tidal volume, increased HR
You want to design a program to improve speed and agility, one has to work at the following exercise stimulus.
a. 100-120 bpm
b. 120-140 bpm
c. >150 bpm
c. >150 bpm
In a general adult fitness program, if one had to select a single heart rate interval to achieve cardiovascular improvement, which of the following would it be?
a. less than 100 bpm
b. 100-115 bpm
c. 120-140 bpm
d. > 150 bpm
c. 120-140 bpm
Cardiac rehab – phase III – will most likely see a decrease the following
a. CO2 elimination in maximum work
b. Cardiac output in maximum work
c. stroke volume at submaximal work
d. Heart rate at a given level of submaximal work
d. Heart rate at a given level of submaximal work
Heart muscle uses energy derived from
a. aerobic metabolism
b. anaerobic metabolism
c. anaerobic metabolism
d. all of the above
AEROBIC METABOLISM
Conditioning of aerobic system as long as HR is between…
a. 10-30% max
b. 30-50% max
c. 50-70% max
d. above 90%
c. 50-70% max
Physiologic changes as a result of aerobic training?
a. Increased respiration
b. Increased tidal volume
c. Decreased minute ventilation
d. Increased O2 diffusion
answer: C
a. Increased respiration
b. Increased tidal volume
(occurs)
c. Decreased minute ventilation
(does NOT occur)
d. Increased O2 diffusion
(occurs)
A patient with chronic arterial disease presents with cool skin, sensitivity to temperature changes, and intermittent claudication with exercise. Which of the following exercise models would help the patient toward their goal of better ambulation?
a. Short duration, frequent intervals
b. Short duration, infrequent intervals
c. Long duration, frequent intervals
d. Long duration, infrequent intervals
a. Short duration, frequent intervals
Endurance trained athlete will acquire which of the following – with time.
a. more profuse capillary bed in muscles and heart
b. strength
a. more profuse capillary bed in muscles and heart
Marathon runner – what type of muscle fiber is predominant?
a. Type II C
b. Type II
c. Type I
c. Type I
In a normal individual, what is the normal, resting cardiac output?
a. 4-6 L/min
b. 300 ml/min
c. 20 ml/min
a. 4-6 L/min
During Exercise, the arteriovenous O2 difference…
a. increases
b. decreases
c. increases and decreases
d. stays the same
a. increases
In comparison to a normal person, an individual with a heart transplant will show
a. decreased stroke volume; cardiac output the same
b. stroke volume and heart rate increased
c. stroke volume and cardiac are the same
d. stroke volume and blood pressure are the same
a. decreased stroke volume; cardiac output the same
Which of the following is false concerning people during moderate steady state exercise?
a. compared to steady leg, arm exercise at the same O2 is generally performed with a lower systolic blood pressure
b. systolic blood pressure increases rapidly and then levels off between 140 and 160 mmHg
a. compared to steady leg, arm exercise at the same O2 is generally performed with a lower systolic blood pressure
With VERY high intensity exercise, the stroke volume will
a. increase
b. decrease
c. stay the same
b. decrease
If you are training a football running back, the exercise stimulus should be
a. 100-140 bpm
b. >150 bpm
b. >150 bpm
Major objective for exercise training is to
a. protect against cardiovascular disease
b. cause biologic adaptations to physiological systems to improve functioning
b. cause biologic adaptations to physiological systems to improve functioning
Accurate physiological changes as a result of pulmonary adaptations to aerobic training include…
a. increase respiration
b. decreased tidal volume
c. decreased minute ventilation
d. increased diffusion of oxygen
d. increased diffusion of oxygen
Max VO2 of Stephen at 13 METS?
a. 13 METS or 50 ml of O2/kg/min
b. 13 METS or 300ml of O2/kg/min
a. 13 METS or 50 ml of O2/kg/min
When conducting a VO2 max test, it is best to ask the patient to:
a. stand on the sides of the treadmill and hold onto rails before starting
b. stand on treadmill and hold onto sides before starting
b. Whatever answer says NOT to hold onto sides
Normal FEV1/FEV for a patient with restrictive lung disease?
a. 70-85%
b. 85%
c. >85%
d. <70%
Answer: C
c. >85% (Restrictive)
d. <70% (Obstructive)
Two dynamic lung volumes that increase during exercise?
TV and IC
Thickening and loss of arterial wall due to lack of physical activity and aging is called
a. Arteriosclerosis
b. Atherosclerosis
c. Ischemia
d. Myocardial infarction
a. Arteriosclerosis
Stage II hypertension – systolic and diastolic blood pressure values are greater than…
a. 140/100
b. 130/100
c. 120/90
d. greater than 160/100
d. greater than 160/100
ST segment depression indicates
a. hypertension
b. Ischemia
c. MI
d. Cardiac Heart Failure Symptoms
b. Ischemia
During high intensity exercise, the following decreases drastically…
a. stroke volume
b. systole/diastole
c. systole
d. diastole
a. stroke volume
During exercise testing the O2 saturation = 94%, during rest = 97%… what is your decision?
a. continue exercise testing
b. terminate exercise testing
c. call physician
d. call EMT
a. continue exercise testing
79 year old male with diabetes present to your clinic with fatigue and must stop while ambulating 10 stairs to rest. His HR is 90; BP = 140/100.
Max VO2 would be:
a. 3.5 ml of O2/kg/min
b. 35 ml of O2/kg/min
c. 15 ml of O2/kg/min
d. 300 ml of O2/kg/min
c. 15 ml of O2/kg/min
??79 year old male with diabetes present to your clinic with fatigue and must stop while ambulating 10 stairs to rest. His HR is 90; BP = 140/100
Because the patient is older, all of the following physiologic changes would be expected at rest, except…
a. decreased HR
b. bone density decreases 30-50%
c. muscle strength decreases 24-45%
d. nerve conduction velocity decreases by 10%
a. decreased HR
b. bone density decreases 30-50%
c. muscle strength decreases 24-45%
d. nerve conduction velocity decreases by 10%
79 year old male with diabetes present to your clinic with fatigue and must stop while ambulating 10 stairs to rest. His HR is 90; BP = 140/100.
Energy systems you would want to improve for this patient?
a. aerobic glycolysis
b. aerobic metabolism
a. aerobic glycolysis
fuck you Shetty
VO2 max would you expect blood lactate to start accumulating?
a. 15%
b. 60%
c. 75%
d. 85%
b. 60%
A PT designs and exercise program for a patient with peripheral vascular disease. The patient has decreased peripheral pulses and cool skin and exhibits resting claudication. Which of the following exercise parameters would be the most beneficial for the patient?
Short interval of low level exercise
A Pt designs an exercise program for a pt with peripheral vascular disease. The patient has decreased peripheral pulses and cool skin, however, does not exhibit any signs of resting claudication. Which of the following exercise parameters would be the most beneficial for the patient?
Long intervals of low level exercise
A PT designs an exercise program for a patient with PVD. The patient has decreased peripheral pulses and cool skin. Which of the following exercise parameters would be the most beneficial for the patient?
Short intervals of high level exercise
A PT designs an exercise program for a patient with triple bypass surgery last week. Which of the following exercise parameters would be the most beneficial for the patient?
Short interval, low level exercise
A PT designs an exercise program for a patient with angioplasty last week. Which of the following exercise parameters would be the most beneficial for the patient?
Long interval of low level exercise
A PT designs an exercise program to obtain information on a patients response to exercise by assessing pulse rate immediately after an exercise session. Which of the following techniques would provide the therapist with the desired information?
Determine the pulse rate using the radial artery for 15 seconds and multiplied by 4.
(because HR increases/decreases very quickly)
A pt attempts to obtain information on response to exercise by assessing pulse rate immediately after high intensity exercise session. Which of the following techniques provide the therapist with the desired information?
Determine the pulse rate using the brachial artery for 10 seconds and multiply by 6.
O2 content and O2 carrying-capacity of arterial blood is called
a. partial pressure of O2
b. % saturation of arterial blood
c. saturation of O2
d. O2 disassociation curve
c. saturation of O2
What is the equation for determining FFM?
a. TBM (%FFM)
ST segment depression greater than ____ during exercise indicates ischemia
a. 1 mm
b. 1.5 mm
c. 2.0 mm
d. 0.5 mm
a. 1mm
- Total blood cholesterol should be
a. 400
b. 1000
c. 1500
d. <200
d. <200
Female and male endurance athletes have VO2 max values of approximately ____ ml/kg/min
a. 75 & 85
b. 30 & 40
c. 3.5 & 4.5
a. 75 & 85
Along with increased obesity, what other factors contribute to the increased prevalence of type II diabetes?
a. Decreased consumption of dietary CHO
b. Increased consumption of dairy
c. Increased amount of daily physical activity and exercise
d. Decreased amount of daily physical activity and exercise
d. Decreased amount of daily physical activity and exercise (page 462)
Approximate residual volume should be
a. 1000-2000
b. 400-600
c. 4000-5000
a. 1000-2000
Max air expired after max inspiration is called
a. FVC
b. expiratory reserve
c. inspiratory lung volume
d. total lung volume
a. FVC
Atherosclerosis caused by
a. decreased radius of BV due to fat
b. increased SV
c. increased HR
a. decreased radius of BV due to fat
During rest, in comparison to a normal person, a heart transplant patient would exhibit which of the following?
a. SV lower and Q the same
b. HR & SV higher
a. SV lower and Q the same
Lower Ejection Fraction indicates
a. increased cardiac fitness
b. lower cardiovascular endurance
b. lower cardiovascular endurance
Person who completed a 12 week cardiac rehabilitation program would demonstrate a decrease in what?
a. CO2 elimination in max work
b. Q in max work
c. SV at given level of submaximal work
d. HR at given level of submaximal work
d. HR at given level of submaximal work
BMI greater than 35, increased risk of?
a. cardiovascular disease
b. orthopaedic problems
c. increased cancer
d. increased lung disease
a. cardiovascular disease
Approximate minute ventilation
a. 300 ml/kg/min
b. 3.5 ml/kg/min
c. 1000 ml/min
d. 4-6 liters
d. 4-6 liters
Which of the following exercise protocols is best used for improving fast twitch muscle fiber function? (ie. training a sprinter that fatigues easily)
a. high intensity, short duration
b. high intensity, long duration
a. high intensity, short duration
Lack of blood supply to the heart is called
a. angina
b. ischemia
c. heart attack
d. hypertension
b. ischemia
Measurements indicate attainment of max VO2 consumption during a GXT other than fatigue?
a. RER > 0.9
b. HR is equal to at least 80% of age predicted max
c. blood lactate concentration is 5mmol or greater
d. plateauing of and then decrease in systolic blood pressure with increased work loads
d. plateauing of and then decrease in systolic blood pressure with increased work loads
???Individual health risks can best be assessed by the following?
a. RPE. HR, BP
b. HR, BP, Q
c. HR, BP, MV
d. blood profile, graded exercise testing, BMI
a. RPE. HR, BP
??? Women who cardiovascular train may have to
a. work only 3x/week instead of 5x/week
b. increase protein and supplemental iron
???a. work only 3x/week instead of 5x/week
With correction for differences in body size and muscle mass, females compared to males…
a. lower phosphagen stores, lower strength, lower VO2 max
b. higher phosphagen stores…
c. lower capacity of lactic acid and higher VO2 max
a. lower phosphagen stores, lower strength, lower VO2 max
At rest, arterial blood pressure (decrease in blood pressure) is compensated by
a. increased HR, decreased SV
b. decreased HR, decreased SV
c. increased HR, increased SV
d. decreased HR, increased SV
d. decreased HR, increased SV
Alveolar ventilation dependent upon
a. HR
b. SV
c. HR & SV
d. depth and rate of breathing and size of dead space
d. depth and rate of breathing and size of dead space
O2 carrying capacity of Hb is
a. 12 l/min
b. 1.34 ml/gm of Hb
c. 3.5
d. 300
b. 1.34 ml/gm of Hb
At high intensity exercise, the stroke volume will
a. increase
b. decrease
c. stay the same
c. stay the same
