Sheffield List

Question 1

Abdominal distention

Answer 1

Ascites
Bowel obstruction
Peritonitis
Enlarged intra abdominal organs
Obesity
Pregnancy

Question 2

Abdominal mass

Answer 2

Hepatomegaly
Splenomegaly
Kidney enlargement
Bowel masses
Enlarged bladder
Aortic aneurysm
Uterine/ovarian masses
Abdominal wall hernias

Question 3

Abdominal pain

Answer 3

Peptic ulcer disease
Pancreatic disease
Endometriosis
Aortic aneurism
Recurrent abdominal pain in children
Ectopic pregnancy
Renal colic
Acute pyelonephritis
Diverticular disease
Appendicitis
Irritable bowel syndrome
Mesenteric ischemia
Intussusception
Bladder retention
Prostatitis
Adnexal torsion

Question 4

Anorectal pain

Answer 4

Fissure in ano
Carcinoma
Fistula
Pilonidal sinus abcess
Perianal abcess
Rectal prolapse

Question 5

Change in bowel habit

Answer 5

Carcinoma of large bowel
Diverticular disease
Inflammatory bowel disease
Toddlers diarrhoea
Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 6

Constipation

Answer 6

Constipation
Carcinoma
Laxative abuse
Drug related constipation

Question 7

Diarrhoea

Answer 7

Infective diarrhoea
Malabsorption syndromes
Motility disorders
GI malignancy

Question 8

Dysphagia

Answer 8

Oesophageal cancer
Reflux disease

Question 9

Enlarged liver

Answer 9

Alcoholic liver disease
Malignancy
Congestive cardiac failure
Inflammatory and infective liver disorders

Question 10

Haematemesis

Answer 10

Peptic ulcer disease
Oesophageal gastric varices
Mallory Weiss tear
Gastritis/drug induced
Malignancy

Question 11

Jaundice

Answer 11

Obstructive jaundice
Hepatitis
Haemolysis
Cirrhosis
Malignancy(primary/secondary)

Question 12

Rectal bleeding

Answer 12

Haemorrhoids
Anal fissure
Cancer
Inflammatory bowel disease
Ischaemic colitis
Melaena

Question 13

Vomiting, anorexia, nausea

Answer 13

Miscarriage/ectopic pregnancy
Hormonal disturbances
Malignancy
Trauma
Infectious disease/STDs
Intrauterine benign tumors

Question 14

Dysuria

Answer 14

Urinary tract infections/prostatitis
urethral obstruction
STDs

Question 15

groin lump

Answer 15

Inguinal and Femoral Hernias
Lymphadenopathy

Question 16

Haematuria

Answer 16

Calculi in the urinary tract
Urinary tract infections
Urinary tract malignancy
Glomerulonephritis
Bleeding disorders

Question 17

Infertility/sexual dysfunction

Answer 17

Impotence
Male/Female Infertility

Question 18

Menstrual disturbance

Answer 18

Dysmenorrhoea
Menorrhagia/metrorrhagia
Primary/secondary amenorrhoea
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Question 19

Pelvic pain

Answer 19

Urological causes
Non-relaxation of the pelvic floor
Psychogenic cause
Gynaecological causes
Non-gynaecological causes

Question 20

Pregnancy

Answer 20

Normal Pregnancy
Complications of Pregnancy

Question 21

Testicular Pain

Answer 21

Torsion of testis
Trauma
Epididymo orchitis
Referred Pain

Question 22

Testicular/scrotal swelling

Answer 22

Inguinal hernias
Hydroceles
Epididymo orchitis
Incompletely descended testis
Trauma
Varicocele
Epididymal cysts
Tumours
Torsion of testis

Question 23

Urinary frequency

Answer 23

Urinary tract infection
Prostatic hypertrophy
Obstructive uropathy
Overactive bladder
Psychogenic frequency

Question 24

Urinary incontinence

Answer 24

Prostatic hypertrophy
Stress incontinence/prolapse
Urge incontinence
Urinary tract infection
Obstructive uropathy
Neurological

Question 25

Urinary retention

Answer 25

Prostatic hypertrophy
Prostatic carcinoma
Neurological urinary problems
Post-operative urinary problems
Obstructive uropathy
Hypocontractile bladder

Question 26

Vaginal Discharge

Answer 26

Vaginal Infection

Question 27

Weight Loss

Answer 27

Bowel Disorders
Short Bowel Syndrome
Failure to Thrive
Malignancy