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ochemlab > sheepbrain > Flashcards

sheepbrain Flashcards

1
Q

CN1 Olfactory Nerve

A

s-Carries olfactory (smell) information

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2
Q

CNII- Optic Nerve,

A

s-Carries visual information.

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3
Q

CNIII- Oculomotor Nerve

A

M- Controls eye movement (extraocular muscles) and pupil constriction.

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4
Q

CNIV- Trochlear Nerve

A

M- Controls eye movement (superior oblique muscle to turn eye downward and laterally)

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5
Q

CNV- Trigeminal Nerve

A

MX- Carries sensory info from head including skin, muscle, bones, teeth. Motor branches control
biting and chewing

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6
Q

CNVI- Abducens Nerve

A

M- Controls eye movement (abducts the eye away from midline).

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7
Q

CNVII- Facial Nerve,

A

MX- Carries sensory info (taste) from tongue (anterior). Motor control for facial expressions, salivary
glands, tear ducts.

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8
Q

CNVIII- Vestibulocochlear Nerve

A

S- Carries auditory information from cochlea, and proprioceptive and balance info from
vestibular system

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9
Q

CNIX- Glossopharyngeal Nerve

A

MX- Sensory info (taste) from tongue (posterior), other sensory info from pharynx.
Motor control for swallowing and salivation.

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10
Q

CNX- Vagus Nerve

A

MX- Sensory and motor innervation of viscera and internal organs (heart, lungs, stomach, etc.). Some
sensory/motor innervation of pharynx, palate, etc.

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11
Q

CNXI- Spinal Accessory Nerve

A

M- Controls muscles of the neck and shoulders

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12
Q

CNXII- Hypoglossal Nerve,

A

M- Controls muscles of the tongue.

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13
Q

Pyriform lobe

A

Olfactory cortex and processing of smell (temporal lobe/insula in humans).

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14
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual cortex and processing.

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15
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Includes auditory cortex, part of posterior language cortex, some visual and higher-order association
cortex, the amygdala (limbic/emotion), the hippocampus (learning and memory).

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16
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Contains somatosensory cortex, involved in language comprehension (usually left side), and involved in
complex aspects of spatial orientation/awareness and perception.

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17
Q

Frontal lobe-

A

Includes motor regions that are involved in voluntary movement. Also, includes prefrontal and orbital
regions which connect w/ all other lobes and the limbic system, are important in working memory, emotional regulation,
prioritizing bodily/environmental demands, and goal-directed activity.

18
Q

Cerebellum

A

“Little brain”; receives inputs from sensory systems, participates in planning and coordination of
movement, fine motor control.

19
Q

Cerebellar Vermis

A

regulation of muscle tone for posture and locomotion

20
Q

Cerebellar Hemispheres

A

motor planning and coordination of limbs.

21
Q

Cerebrospinal Fluid

A
  • Clear, colorless fluid that fills ventricles and subarachnoid space. Produced by the choroid plexus of
    the lateral, 3rd, and 4th ventricles. Cushion for trauma, nourishes and removes waste.
22
Q

Meninges

A

CNS protection, support, stability, contains layer of CSF in subarachnoid space

23
Q

Dura Mater

A

attached to inside of skull (suspends spinal cord), outermost layer, tough and inelastic. Innervated
(pain-sensitive) and vascularized.

24
Q

Arachnoid Mater

A

prevents diffusion between subarachnoid space and extracellular fluids of dura mater.
Contributes to the mechanical suspension of the CNS within subarachnoid space.

25
Q

Pia Mater

A

Innermost and thinnest, attached to CNS surface and connected to arachnoid mater by strands of
collagenous connective tissue (trabeculae). Vascularized.

26
Q

Hypothalamus

A
  • Homeostasis region. Plays a major role in hormone release and orchestrating visceral and drive-related
    activities: hunger, thirst, circadian rhythms, sexual behavior, parental behavior, etc.
27
Q

Midbrain

A

Motor control, regulation of sleep/wake and arousal, temperature regulation, visual and auditory processing.

28
Q

MB- Superior Colliculus

A

receives afferents from the retina and visual cortex, sends efferents to thalamus and plays a
role in directing visual attention and controlling eye movements.

29
Q

MB- Inferior Colliculus

A

receives auditory info from ears and sends efferents to thalamus.

30
Q

Pons

A

Involved in control of autonomic functions (e.g. breathing movements), regulation of states of attentiveness,
arousal, and sleep. The pons looks like a bridge (for which it was named) between the two cerebellar hemispheres, but
in fact it is a key link between the cerebrum and cerebellum

31
Q

Medulla

A
  • This structure is crucial to vital functions (respiratory, cardiovascular, visceral activity) and other integrative
    activities.
32
Q

Thalamus

A

An assortment of nuclei that relay sensory information to higher brain structures/cerebral cortex

33
Q

Ventricles

A

Circulate cerebrospinal fluid throughout the brain. Choroid plexus = brown/pink, spongy material inside
lateral ventricles that produces the CSF. Order: 2x lateral ventricles → 3
rd ventricle → cerebral aqueduct → 4
th ventricle
→ central canal of spinal cord.

34
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

Sheet of fibers (white matter) carrying information between the right and left hemispheres.

35
Q

Pineal Body

A

Produces melatonin to regulate circadian rhythms.

36
Q

Septum Pellucidum

A

A thin, chiefly glial, almost transparent membrane separating the two lateral ventricles.

37
Q

Caudate Nucleus

A

Involved in production of voluntary motor movement.

38
Q

Hippocampus

A

A specialized cortical area rolled into the temporal lobe. Plays a critical role in learning and the
consolidation of new memories.

39
Q

Cerebral aqueduct

A

channel that connects the third ventricle with the fourth ventricle and allows cerebrospinal fluid to pass between them.

40
Q

Medulla

A

autonomic (involuntary) functions

41
Q

Choroid Plexus

A

produces the cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain

ochemlab (2 decks)

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