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Sheep AHW > Sheep nutrition > Flashcards

Sheep nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

How much faster do single lambs grow to twins?

A

80g/d faster

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2
Q

At what age cam lambs digest forage and concentrates?

A

2 weeks- they can digest pasture at 3 weeks as the rumen can digest pasture

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3
Q

What age should the lamb be weaned earliest? When is it good to wean them?

A

8 weeks old- this is when the rumen is fully developed

Good weaning is 12-14 weeks for a healthy lamb.

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4
Q

What is creep feed?

A

Providing concentrate that only lambs can eat and not able for the ewe to access

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5
Q

What does creep feed enable the lambs to do?

A

Gain more weight per day. Means the lambs can hit the “peak” price in may for early flocks but may not be beneficial In later flocks

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6
Q

Why is it better to feed the concentrates to the ewe in weeks 6-8?

A

To produce a higher milk yield.

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7
Q

What can overfeeding concentrate in lambs (especially male lambs?)

A

Bladder stones and bladder problems

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8
Q

How do you fix the cause of bladder stones in lambs?

A

Gradually introduce concentrates, add salt to feed so they drink more to try and flush out stones, and ammonium chloride to prevent them forming in the first place.

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9
Q

What are short keep store lambs?

A

When the lamb is around 5kg under the weight they need to be for slaughter so the farmer sells them on for a short period of time to be reared to the correct target weight

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10
Q

What are short keep lambs fed?

A

Beet tops, roots, turnips

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11
Q

What are long keep store lambs?

A

Far off the target weight so are sold to farms to bestowed for 8-12 weeks before sent to market?

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12
Q

How much weight should a short keep lamb gain per day? How much does a long keep lamb need to gain per day?

A

Short= 70-130g per day, long= 5-60g per day

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13
Q

What are long keep lambs fed?

A

Grass and stubbles and then finished on root/ arable by-products

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14
Q

What is nutrition flushing?

A

Feeding the ewe 250g/head/day for 3 weeks pre-tupping and 6 weeks post-tupping

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15
Q

What must you avoid when flushing?

A

Drop in plain nutrients

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16
Q

What are the pregnant ewes requirements?

A

Max 3% of BW but usually drops to 2. Mid pregnancy= 10MJ 4 weeks from lambing= 15 MJ (with twins), lambing = 20 MJ

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17
Q

Why isn’t hay enough for a pregnant ewe?

A

Because it only has around 8MJ/kg

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18
Q

What should you feed a pregnant ewe and why?

A

Concentrates because they’re higher in energy and forage also as concentrates alone will damage the rumen microflora, hay is not enough energy alone

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19
Q

What needs to be assessed to ensure a ewe is getting correct nutrition?

A

Assess condition score, scan for foetal numbers and ensure she’s pregnant, check the teeth to ensure they can eat

20
Q

What cam you do if the teeth are not good quality?

A

Feed smaller pellet feed and fix presentation of feed is able to be eaten?

21
Q

How can you ensure a ewe gets enough uptake in a group?

A

Ensure they have shelter from bad weather, have enough trough space for everyone, ensure food is distributed in gatherings (split feed into 2 rather than 1.)

22
Q

What body condition score should a tupping ewe, pregnant ewe and weaning lamb have in hill, uplands and low lands?

A 
Tupping 2.5 (hill), 3 (uplands), 3.5 (lowland)
Pregnant 2 (hill), 2.5 (uplands), 3 (lowland)
Weaning 2 (hill), 2 (uplands), 2.5 (lowland)
23
Q

What is pregnancy toxaemia?

A

Where the energy requirements are higher than the energy received in a pregnant ewe?

24
Q

What causes pregnancy toxaemia?

A

Longer term under feeding and acute shortage.

25
Q

When is peak lactation in ewes and what is the energy requirement?

A

4 weeks and 20 MJ

26
Q

How much more milk is produced when having twins?

A

30%

27
Q

When is hypocalcemia common? Why?

A

Pre and post partum (milk production and foetal skeletal growth and stress)

28
Q

How much of the flock is likely to have hypocalcaemia?

A

Around 25%

29
Q

When is hypomagnesiamia common?

A

In lactating dams as they have no;storage of magnesium and are not receiving magnesium from food storage

30
Q

What does deficiency in copper cause and how do you treat it?

A

Sway-back, poor growth

Injection, per-os

31
Q

What does a deficiency in cobalt cause and how do you treat it?

A

Pine, ill-thrift, scour

Per-os

32
Q

What does a deficiency in iodine cause and how do you treat it?

A

Goitre, poor growth, decreased fertility

Feed, salt-licks

33
Q

What happens if the pH of silage is not lower than 4.5?

A

Lysteria forms in the silage

34
Q

What does a deficiency in selenium cause and how do you treat it?

A

White muscle disease

Feed, per-is, injection, fertiliser

35
Q

What are the disadvantages of using root crops to feed?

A
  • when the group feeds they can’t access the roots.

- linked to vaginal prolapse as the food is bulky so increases abdominal pressure so introduce slowly.

36
Q

What BCS should a ram have at the start of mating?

A

3.5-4

37
Q

What is a shearling?

A

A sheep between first and second sheering

38
Q

What is a hogget?

A

Young sheep of either gender slaughtered before permanent incisors have erupted

Sheep between weaning and first shearing

39
Q

What is a grimmer?

A

young female, between 1 to 2 years of

age, that has not born a lamb

40
Q

What is a ram / ewe lamb?

A

male / female young < 1 year olD

41
Q

What is a wether?

A

Castrated male

42
Q

What is a tup?

A

Uncastrated male

43
Q

What is a draft lamb?

A

ewe too old for rough grazing (such
as moorland), drafted out of the flock to move
to better grazing on another farm

44
Q

What is a 2 tooth sheep?

A 
sheep with first pair of permanent 
incisors erupted (followed by 4 / 6 / 8 – tooth)
45
Q

What is a broken mouth sheep?

A 
adult that has lost some or all of 
its incisors (usually over 6 years old)
46
Q

What is a hefting sheep?

A

combined instinct & copied behaviour
in some breeds to stay in small local area,
therefore no fencing needed. Useful for hill /
moorland areas.

Sheep AHW (1 decks)

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