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Agricultural Science Leaving Cert > Sheep Diseases > Flashcards

Sheep Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

Causes of Twin Lamb disease?

A

Breakdown of fat reserves in the ewes body which leads to liver failure

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2
Q

Symptoms of Twin Lamb disease?

A
  1. Separates from flock
  2. Staggers, tremors,
  3. Collapse and death
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3
Q

What is the treatment for Twin Lamb disease?

A

Fatal unless caught early

Administer energy solution (glucose)

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4
Q

What is the prevention method for Twin Lamb disease?

A

Steaming up with concentrates rumen’s size restricted

Growing foetus limits the intake of hay and silage

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5
Q

Name this sheep disease? O– ?

A

Orf

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6
Q

Another name for Orf disease is?

A

Zoonose

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7
Q

What is the cause Orf disease ?

A

Virus

it can be transmitted to humans

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of Orf disease?

A

1a. Small spots on ewes udder, lips, gums
1b. Small spots on lambs nose
1c. Small spots on Rams genitals

  1. Secondary infection of lesions can occur
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9
Q

What are the treatment methods of Orf disease?

A

No treatment for virus

BUT can treat sores with antibiotic cream

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10
Q

What are the ways to prevent Orf disease ?

A

Vaccinate ewes before lambing

Vaccinate lambs at a few weeks old

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11
Q

Name this sheep disease. M— F—- ?

A

Milk Fever

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12
Q

What is another name for Milk Fever?

A

Hypocalcaemia

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13
Q

What is the cause of Milk Fever?

A

Low levels of calcium occurs in late pregnancy or early lactation

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of Milk Fever?

A

Similar to TWIN LAMB disease

  1. Listlessness
  2. Unable to stand
  3. Unconsciousness
  4. Death
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15
Q

What are the treatments available for Milk Fever?

A

Injection of calcium-borogluconate (into blood stream)

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16
Q

How do you prevent Milk Fever?

A

Dust ewes feed with Calmag or provide mineral lick

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17
Q

Name this sheep disease: G—- T—–?

A

Grass Tetany

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18
Q

Another word for Grass Tetany?

A

Hypomagnesaemia

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19
Q

What causes Grass Tetany?

A

Ewes and lambs are turned out onto lush grass low in magnesium

(Lush Spring grass has too much nitrogen)

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20
Q

What are the symptoms of Grass Tetany?

A
  1. Twitching (Muscle disease)
  2. Staggers
  3. Coma/Death
21
Q

How do you treat Grass Tetany?

A

Injection of soluble magnesium

22
Q

How do you prevent Grass Tetany?

A

Dust ewes feed with Calmag or provide mineral lick

23
Q

Name this sheep disease: N—t——

A

Nematodirus

24
Q

What is the cause of Nematodirus?

A

Roundworms lays eggs in the lambs gut, pass out of grass; hatch in spring after cold spell

Large numbers can hatch together, young lambs most at risk as they lack resistance

25
Q

What are the symptoms of Nematodirus?

A
  1. Many lambs showing scour
  2. Lambs stop eating
  3. Dehydration then death
26
Q

How do you treat Nematodirus?

A

Dose for worms at regular intervals

27
Q

How do you prevent Nematodirus?

A

Put lambs on clean pasture that has not been grazed by lambs the previous year

28
Q

Name this sheep disease: C—d—-

A

Coccidosis

29
Q

What is the cause of Coccidosis?

A

Protozoa (which is a parasite found in faeces)
Affects young lambs 4-8 weeks old

Parasites invade the lining of the intestines

30
Q

What are the symptoms of Coccidosis?

A
  1. Lambs fail to thrive
  2. Bloody scour
  3. Dehydrated
  4. In worst cases death
31
Q

How can Coccidosis be treated?

A

Lambs had initial immunity while suckling (ewe immune)

Oral dose lambs

32
Q

How can Coccidosis be prevented?

A

A medicated creep feed gives protection

33
Q

Name this sheep disease: C—t–d—

A

Clostridial

34
Q

What is the cause of Clostridial?

A

Variety of bacteria that cause pulpy kidney, blackleg, lamb dysentery and tetanus

35
Q

What are the symptoms of Clostridial?

A

Varied, most lead to sudden death

36
Q

How do you treat Clostridial?

A

Treatment is difficult

Trick question me think O_o

37
Q

How do you prevent Clostridial?

A 
> Vaccine available 
> Vaccinate a '7 in 1' 
> Vaccinate an '8 in 1' 
> vaccinate lambs
> Give ewes an annual booster
38
Q

Name this sheep disease: F–s—–

A

Flystrike

39
Q

What is the cause of Flystrike?

A

Maggots of the green and bluebottles flies eat into the sheets flesh

Flies lay their eggs in fleeces soiled with faeces

40
Q

What are the symptoms of Flystrike?

A

Maggots irritate sheep- so tail wags constantly followed by dark stain on wool

Sheep lying on its own, on its back

41
Q

How is Flystrike treated?

A

Spray on insecticide

Treat flesh eaten by maggots with antiseptic cream to prevent infection

42
Q

How is Flystrike prevented?

A

Dip sheep

Dose sheep for worms to prevent diarrhoea

Use insecticidal sprays

43
Q

Name the sheep disease: S—- S—

A

Sheep scab

44
Q

Another name for sheep scab is?

A

Notifiable disease

45
Q

What causes Sheep Scab?

A

Mange mite feeds on skin and flesh

Extremely contagious

46
Q

What are the symptoms of Sheep Scab?

A

Sheep irritated by mites rub against fences and gates, causing wool loss

47
Q

How is Sheep Scab treated?

A

Notify district veterinary office immediately

Dipping and injections

48
Q

How is Sheep Scab prevented ?

A

Winder dip sheep

49
Q

Name this sheep disease: T— L— ?

A

Twin Lamb

Agricultural Science Leaving Cert (3 decks)

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