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Sheep Flashcards

1
Q

How long do they graze for?

A

12 - 14 hours

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2
Q

What is a Kade?

A

a bottle fed lamb, smaller flight zone

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3
Q

Areas to watch out for in sheep?

A

Body - Charge and butt

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4
Q

What is Orf?

A

Zoonotic disease
Contagious pustular dermatitis

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5
Q

Where is the Point of balance on a sheep?

A

Shoulder
Use this point to move sheep

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6
Q

What parts should you never lift, drag or pull at?

A

Wool,
Ears,
Horns,
Legs.

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7
Q

What is casting?

A

1 or 2 people,
a way of getting the sheep to be laying down back against you.

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8
Q

Sheep Gestation period?

A

145 days (143-147 days)

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9
Q

What physical changes happen in stage 1 of labour - and how long can it last?

A

Stage 1 =
2 - 6hrs
cervical dilation
behaviour changes
abdominal contractions
appearance of water bag

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10
Q

What physical changes happen in stage 2 of labour - and how long can it last?

A

Stage 2 =
1 hr
passage of lamb through birth canal

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11
Q

What physical changes happen in stage 3 of labour - and how long can it last?

A

Stage 3 =
within 2-3 hrs of stage 2
repulsion of foetal membranes (a thin tissue that surrounds the fetus during gestation)

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12
Q

How long should after lambing should the placenta be passed?

A

within 3 hrs

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13
Q

what is the colostrum volume required for a lamb in the first 2hrs?

A

50 ml/kg in first 2hrs

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14
Q

what is the colostrum volume required for a lamb in the first 24hrs?

A

250 ml/kg in first 24hrs

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15
Q

What are some physical signs you should intervene in a ewe’s lambing? (10)

A

the ewe:
* has been trying to pass the lamb for over 1 hr with no delivery
* no process once lamb is at visible at the vulva for 20mins
* if ewe started lambing but as stopped
* lambs head visible but no forelimbs
* foetal head and 1 forelimb visible
* only tail visible
* large and swollen at vulva
* parts of 2 lambs visible
* brown / smelly discharge
* vaginal prolapse identified

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16
Q

What are some consequences of dystocia for the lamb? (4)

A

lamb has a:
* increased mortality rate
* higher chance of neonatal infections
*slower weight gain
* increased cost of care/medications

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17
Q

what are some consequences of dystocia for the ewe? (4)

A

ewe has:
* reduced colostrum
* poor mothering behaviour due to difficult birth
* higher cost of care/medications
* potentially future fertility decrease

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18
Q

How to know when the ewe is close to lambing?

A

udder starts to get bigger as accumulating colostrum
sacroiliac ligament starts slackening

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19
Q

What is the ligament between the tail head and vulva?

A

Sacroiliac ligament

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20
Q

Type of presentations of lambs Ewes? (6)

A

normal
leg back
head back
head only
backwards
breach

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21
Q

Key signs to assess in a healthy born lamb? (8)

A

general demeanour
posture
abdominal fill
standing ability
gait
eyes and eyelids
salvation
play behaviour

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22
Q

Normal temperature of a lamb?

A

39 - 40

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23
Q

Moderate hypothermic temperature of a lamb?

A

37 - 39

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24
Q

Severe hypothermic temperature of a lamb?

A

less than 37

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25
common diseases in lambs? (3)
watery mouth joint ill entropion
26
what is watery mouth in lambs caused by, symptoms and how to treat?
caused my E.coli dull, refuse to eat, salivate more, collapsing antibiotics or anti-inflammatory druys
27
what is joint ill in lambs?
hot, swollen, painful joints
28
what is entropion in lambs, symptoms and how to treat?
turning of one or both of the lower eyelids runny eyes and cloudy cornea injection of penicillin parallel to the eyelid application of Michel clips to the eyelid
29
when does watery mouth typically affect lambs?
12 - 36hrs
30
what bacteria caused joint ill?
Streptococcus dysgalactiae
31
when and why would you castrate a lamb?
first week of life, allow 1-2 days of suckling prevents inbreeding breeding management influences carcass composition and growth -> higher fats
32
when would you not castrate a lamb?
if going for slaughter at young age
33
what age do lambs hit puberty?
7 - 9 months old rams start serving at 6 months
34
why would you tail dock?
reduced faecal contamination in tail reduced fly strike
35
when would you inject glucose into a lamb?
more than 5 hrs old temp less than 37 weak can't hold its head up - can't stomach tube it dry and warm lamb feed by stomach tube
36
when would you stomach feed a lamb?
more than 5hrs old temperature less than 37 can hold head up dry and warm lamb feed by stomach tube again
37
where would you inject a glucose injection in a lamb and how?
Intraperitoneal injection 45 degree angle towards tail 1 inch down and left/right of navel hold by legs, let organs drop
38
how do you measure a feeding tube for a lamb?
from mouth to shoulder
39
How long do lambs have milk teeth for?
birth - 12 months
40
How old when lambs get first 2 incisors ooo00ooo ?
1yr 3 months central incisors
41
How old when lambs get incisors 3/4 oo0000oo ?
1yr 9 months middle incisors
42
How old when lambs get incisors 5/6 o000000o ?
2yrs 3 months lateral incisors
43
how old when lamb get incisors 7/8 00000000?
2yrs 9 months corner incisors
44
What is broken mouth in sheep?
teeth become elongated become loose fall out
45
when can it be hard to tell the age of sheep?
if have broken mouth would have to be culled if affected eating and BCS
46
what is the best way to tell the weight of a sheep?
Body Condition score 1-5
47
what body condition score does a ewe have to be over to breed?
2
48
what is the optimum bcs to breed a ewe from?
2.5 - 3.5
49
what are foot shears used for and how would you present animal?
trim feet of sheep maintain shape and remove overgrowth cast animal or turning gate
50
what is a bolus applicator used for?
to administer boluses
51
why should you not force a bolus out?
damage pharynx
52
what is a drench gun and what is it used for (2) and where is it administered?
deliver liquids e.g. anthelmintics, mineral drenches ejected at the back of the tongue
53
injection/injector what does it do?
administer multiple injections e.g. vaccines via subcutaneous delivery
54
what is a raddle harness / crayon?
attaches onto ram to identify mounting crayon marks rear of mounted lamb change colours - lighter - to calculate approx timings - group 10-20
55
what are 2 identification markers and what are they used for?
crayon - temporary, 1-2 weeks, indicate treatment, selection for sale spray - longer lasting, 2-3 months, mark different groups, indicate treatment, no. ewe/lamb
56
what are Dagging shears and what are they used for?
to remove dirty wool known as dags e.g. faecal soiling aka crutching
57
what do you use to tail dock / castrate
an elastrator
58
what is a crook?
extends handlers reach to catch sheep by head or leg (can pull which is a welfare issue)
59
when is a halter used?
mainly showing tying up reluctant ewe's when fostering
60
where would you inject a subcutaneous injection in a sheep?
top of neck behind front leg pinch skin
61
where would you inject a intermuscular injection into a sheep?
triangle formed by nuchal ligament, jugular vein and cranial border of scapula
62
where would you inject a intravenous injection into a sheep?
jugular vien occlude to raise
63
what breeding type are ewe's?
short day seasonal polyoestrus (specific time)
64
when is a sheep breeding season?
mate July - December born December - may
65
how long is their oestrus cycle and how long does it last?
16 - 17 days 24 - 40 hrs
66
when are lambs 'finished'?
half adult body weight - 40kg
67
what weight would they need to gain per day to be finished within 10-20 weeks?
200-250 g/day
68
what would be an appropriate mature ram : lamb ratio?
1 : 50 less for less ram lambs
69
when can rams mate?
any time of the year but lower libido and semen quality
70
when can ewe lambs be bred from?
at 60% of adult body weight
71
what does flushing mean in sheep terms?
number of ewe's lambs per to ewe's mated
72
what does fecundity mean?
number of young produced per females mated
73
what is the scientific name for sheep?
Ovis Aries
74
where are sheep glands?
face / tear glands under eyes foot / scent glands between toes
75
what meat is produced from sheep?
lamb - only significant product mutton - minor product
76
what is sheep milk used for?
milk cheese
77
Sheep minor products?
wool sheepskin milk mutton
78
types of sheep flocks? (3)
commercial - pet/hobby - pedigree -
79
what are EasyCare sheep?
need minimal labour input some worm/ lameness resistant high fleece value no shearing no crutching no fly treatment needs

AHW (18 decks)

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