Shawn Cowley

Question 1

What is the central dogma?

Answer 1

DNA makes mRNA makes protein

Question 2

What does RNA pol I do?

Answer 2

RNA pol I makes rRNA from DNA

Question 3

What does RNA pol II do?

Answer 3

RNA pol II makes mRNA from DNA

Question 4

What oes RNA pol III do?

Answer 4

RNA pol III makes tRNA from DNA

Question 5

Order the different RNA polymerase from the most active to the least active

Answer 5

RNA pol I > RNA pol II > RNA pol III

Question 6

What type of process is rRNA and tRNA and what are the regulated by?

Answer 6

rRNA and tRNA are house-keeping processes regulated by growth and nutrition

Question 7

What does growing from one to two cells require?

Answer 7

Growing from one to two cells requires double the amount of cell content (e.g. genes, rRNA, tRNA)

Question 8

What is RNA synthesis directed by?

Answer 8

RNA synthesis is directed by DNA

Question 9

Does RNA polymerase require a primer (short DNA strand) to begin transcription?

Answer 9

No, unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase does not require a primer to begin transcription

Question 10

Where does transcription begin?

Answer 10

Transcription begins at transcriptional start sites (TSS)

Question 11

What direction is RNA produced?

Answer 11

RNA is produced 5’ -> 3’

Question 12

What is an NTS?

Answer 12

Nan-transcribed sequence

Question 13

What is a TU?

Answer 13

Transcriptional unit

Question 14

Where does rRNA transcription occur?

Answer 14

rRNA transcription occurs in the nucleolus

Question 15

What interval do rRNA genes occur?

Answer 15

rRNA genes occur in >100 repeats with copies on several chromosomes

Question 16

What is RNA pol II capable of?

Answer 16

RNA pol II is capable of: unwinding the DNA; carrying out RNA synthesis and, proofreading nascent RNA

Question 17

What are the auxiliary factors of RNA pol II?

Answer 17

RNA pol II needs assistance wtih: recognising promoters; initiating / terminating transcription to synthesis RNA; elongating; adding the 5’ cap and polyA tail and, splicing out introns

Question 18

Where are the transcription factors that help initiate pol III transcription?

Answer 18

the transcription factors that help initiate pol III transcription is part of the transcript (therefore, transcribe through the sequence where transcription factors are bound)

Question 19

Where are the promoters for RNA pol III in tRNA and 5s RNA transcription?

Answer 19

The promoters for RNA pol III in tRNA and 5s RNA transcription is downstream of the TSS and forms part of the transcript