Shawn Cowley Flashcards
Transcription
What is the central dogma?
DNA makes mRNA makes protein
What does RNA pol I do?
RNA pol I makes rRNA from DNA
What does RNA pol II do?
RNA pol II makes mRNA from DNA
What oes RNA pol III do?
RNA pol III makes tRNA from DNA
Order the different RNA polymerase from the most active to the least active
RNA pol I > RNA pol II > RNA pol III
What type of process is rRNA and tRNA and what are the regulated by?
rRNA and tRNA are house-keeping processes regulated by growth and nutrition
What does growing from one to two cells require?
Growing from one to two cells requires double the amount of cell content (e.g. genes, rRNA, tRNA)
What is RNA synthesis directed by?
RNA synthesis is directed by DNA
Does RNA polymerase require a primer (short DNA strand) to begin transcription?
No, unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase does not require a primer to begin transcription
Where does transcription begin?
Transcription begins at transcriptional start sites (TSS)
What direction is RNA produced?
RNA is produced 5’ -> 3’
What is an NTS?
Nan-transcribed sequence
What is a TU?
Transcriptional unit
Where does rRNA transcription occur?
rRNA transcription occurs in the nucleolus
What interval do rRNA genes occur?
rRNA genes occur in >100 repeats with copies on several chromosomes
What is RNA pol II capable of?
RNA pol II is capable of: unwinding the DNA; carrying out RNA synthesis and, proofreading nascent RNA
What are the auxiliary factors of RNA pol II?
RNA pol II needs assistance wtih: recognising promoters; initiating / terminating transcription to synthesis RNA; elongating; adding the 5’ cap and polyA tail and, splicing out introns
Where are the transcription factors that help initiate pol III transcription?
the transcription factors that help initiate pol III transcription is part of the transcript (therefore, transcribe through the sequence where transcription factors are bound)
Where are the promoters for RNA pol III in tRNA and 5s RNA transcription?
The promoters for RNA pol III in tRNA and 5s RNA transcription is downstream of the TSS and forms part of the transcript
