shark review Flashcards
What are the scars and wounds on female sharks pectoral fins most likely a result from?
mating
when talking about sharks what is replacement dentin and why is it important?
teeth replace each other when they fall out or are damaged
what does opportunistic feeder mean?
they eat whenever they can
what does generalist feeder mean?
eat everything
what shark is a generalist feeder?
great white
what sharks are filter feeders?
basking and whale
what is the relationship between air and water and how fast sound travels?
sound travels faster in water because the molecules are more compressed
which sense works from the greatest distance?
hearing and then smell
what part of the sharks eye allows light to enter the eye?
rods in the retina
what does the shark use its sense of taste for?
distinguishing between food and not food
what organs make up the electrosensory system of the shark?
lateral line and ampullae lorenzini
what distance is the sharks electroreception best used for?
less than 1 meter?
explain how sharks use their electrosensing capability and in what capacity is it used?
perceive natural vibrations and electrical stimuli to find food and avoid predators
whats the difference between temporal resolution in pelagic and sit and wait sharks
pelagic sharks have sharper and faster processing vision than sit and wait sharks do
what organ does the shark smell with
nares
explain the purpose of the lateral line
detects vibrations in the water
what senses do sharks have that most vertebrates do not have?
electrical
what is the name of the case that shark embryos develop in
mermaids purse
how do oviparous sharks give birth
lay eggs
what is the name of the process of giving birth to live young that are nourished via a yolk sac
aplacental viviparity or yolksac viviparity
what is the name of the process of giving birth to live young that are nourished by a yolk sac which also attaches to the uterine wall of the female shark and what shark is known for this?
placental viviparity - hammerhead
what natural process sharks possess that demonstrate they don’t have maternal instincts
pups are left to fend for themselves and the moms don’t get hungry
what distinct features allow us to identify a female shark from a male shark?
the male shark has claspers which are external twin intermittent organs and are modified pelvic fins
whats the life cycle of pelagic sharks
swim and eat
sharks that have to continually swim to breathe are known as?
ramventillators
sharks that do not have to continually swim to breathe are known as
buccalpharyngeal pumper
what 2 characteristics do all sharks have in common
replacement teeth and skin texture
what primary distinguishing feature do all elasmobranchs have in common?
cartiladge skeleton
what is the largest internal organ of a shark
liver
why do sharks not fossilize well
they are made of cartiladge
how do sharks maintain buoyancy compared to fish
sharks liver produces squalene oil and fish have an air bladder
what was the evolutionary advancement that allowed vertebrates to expand their diet
jaws
what are the nutritional needs of pelagic vs sedentary sharks
sedentary need .2 to .3 percent of body mass and pelagic needs 2-3 percent
what type of organisms belong to the subclass elasmobranchii?
batoids- rays/skates/sawfish
how many different shark species exist
over 500
what phylum do all sharks belong to
chordata
explain the relationship between sharks and fish as far as oxygen consumption and food consumption
sharks need more oxygen and food than fish do
batoids are cousins of the sharks. how do batoids move through the water?
flapping their pectoral fins
what is the largest shark species to ever live on the planet
megalodon
where are the shark attack compilations/documentation stored at
the florida museum of natural history- the international shark attack file
what is a mermaid purse
a shark egg
What film was the most destructive for sharks? What was the quote?
Jaws- The only good shark is a dead shark
What is the main reason for negative encounters between humans and wildlife?
getting closer to each other and people messing with the wildlife
What is the governing body that identifies threatened and endangered species?
IUCN
Explain the cascading effect in relation to the introduction or removal of a species into a habitat.
causes a negative chain reaction
Why are most sharks harvested and killed today
for their fins- shark fin soup
When translated what does the word shark actually mean?
a swindling and stealing and cheating person
Which 3 shark species are responsible for the most unprovoked bites on humans?
great white, tiger, bull
