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shark review > shark review > Flashcards

shark review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the scars and wounds on female sharks pectoral fins most likely a result from?

A

mating

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2
Q

when talking about sharks what is replacement dentin and why is it important?

A

teeth replace each other when they fall out or are damaged

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3
Q

what does opportunistic feeder mean?

A

they eat whenever they can

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4
Q

what does generalist feeder mean?

A

eat everything

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5
Q

what shark is a generalist feeder?

A

great white

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6
Q

what sharks are filter feeders?

A

basking and whale

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7
Q

what is the relationship between air and water and how fast sound travels?

A

sound travels faster in water because the molecules are more compressed

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8
Q

which sense works from the greatest distance?

A

hearing and then smell

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9
Q

what part of the sharks eye allows light to enter the eye?

A

rods in the retina

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10
Q

what does the shark use its sense of taste for?

A

distinguishing between food and not food

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11
Q

what organs make up the electrosensory system of the shark?

A

lateral line and ampullae lorenzini

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12
Q

what distance is the sharks electroreception best used for?

A

less than 1 meter?

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13
Q

explain how sharks use their electrosensing capability and in what capacity is it used?

A

perceive natural vibrations and electrical stimuli to find food and avoid predators

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14
Q

whats the difference between temporal resolution in pelagic and sit and wait sharks

A

pelagic sharks have sharper and faster processing vision than sit and wait sharks do

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15
Q

what organ does the shark smell with

A

nares

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16
Q

explain the purpose of the lateral line

A

detects vibrations in the water

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17
Q

what senses do sharks have that most vertebrates do not have?

A

electrical

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18
Q

what is the name of the case that shark embryos develop in

A

mermaids purse

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19
Q

how do oviparous sharks give birth

A

lay eggs

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20
Q

what is the name of the process of giving birth to live young that are nourished via a yolk sac

A

aplacental viviparity or yolksac viviparity

21
Q

what is the name of the process of giving birth to live young that are nourished by a yolk sac which also attaches to the uterine wall of the female shark and what shark is known for this?

A

placental viviparity - hammerhead

22
Q

what natural process sharks possess that demonstrate they don’t have maternal instincts

A

pups are left to fend for themselves and the moms don’t get hungry

23
Q

what distinct features allow us to identify a female shark from a male shark?

A

the male shark has claspers which are external twin intermittent organs and are modified pelvic fins

24
Q

whats the life cycle of pelagic sharks

A

swim and eat

25
Q

sharks that have to continually swim to breathe are known as?

A

ramventillators

26
Q

sharks that do not have to continually swim to breathe are known as

A

buccalpharyngeal pumper

27
Q

what 2 characteristics do all sharks have in common

A

replacement teeth and skin texture

28
Q

what primary distinguishing feature do all elasmobranchs have in common?

A

cartiladge skeleton

29
Q

what is the largest internal organ of a shark

A

liver

30
Q

why do sharks not fossilize well

A

they are made of cartiladge

31
Q

how do sharks maintain buoyancy compared to fish

A

sharks liver produces squalene oil and fish have an air bladder

32
Q

what was the evolutionary advancement that allowed vertebrates to expand their diet

A

jaws

33
Q

what are the nutritional needs of pelagic vs sedentary sharks

A

sedentary need .2 to .3 percent of body mass and pelagic needs 2-3 percent

34
Q

what type of organisms belong to the subclass elasmobranchii?

A

batoids- rays/skates/sawfish

35
Q

how many different shark species exist

A

over 500

36
Q

what phylum do all sharks belong to

A

chordata

37
Q

explain the relationship between sharks and fish as far as oxygen consumption and food consumption

A

sharks need more oxygen and food than fish do

38
Q

batoids are cousins of the sharks. how do batoids move through the water?

A

flapping their pectoral fins

39
Q

what is the largest shark species to ever live on the planet

A

megalodon

40
Q

where are the shark attack compilations/documentation stored at

A

the florida museum of natural history- the international shark attack file

41
Q

what is a mermaid purse

A

a shark egg

42
Q

What film was the most destructive for sharks? What was the quote?

A

Jaws- The only good shark is a dead shark

43
Q

What is the main reason for negative encounters between humans and wildlife?

A

getting closer to each other and people messing with the wildlife

44
Q

What is the governing body that identifies threatened and endangered species?

A

IUCN

45
Q

Explain the cascading effect in relation to the introduction or removal of a species into a habitat.

A

causes a negative chain reaction

46
Q

Why are most sharks harvested and killed today

A

for their fins- shark fin soup

47
Q

When translated what does the word shark actually mean?

A

a swindling and stealing and cheating person

48
Q

Which 3 shark species are responsible for the most unprovoked bites on humans?

A

great white, tiger, bull

shark review (1 decks)

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