Shark Muscle Actions Flashcards
what is the action of the pectoral abductor?
abducts and flattens pectoral fin
what is action pectoral adductor?
adducts pectoral fin and renders it ventrally concave
what is the action of the branchial adductor?
adducts gill arch
what is the action of the cucullaris?
elevates pectoral girdle and last branchial arch
what is the action of the dorsal interarcual?
it adducts the gill arch
what is the action of the dorsal superficial branchial constrictors?
they compress the pharyngeal pouches
what is the action of the interbranchial?
adducts pharyngeal arches and moves interbranchial septa
what is the action of the lateral interarcuals?
they adduct the pharyngeal arch
what is the action of the ventral superficial branchial constrictors?
they compress pharyngeal pouches
what is the action of the dorsal hyoid constrictor?
compresses the 1st pharyngeal pouch
what is the action of the levator hyomandibulae?
elevates hyomandibular cartilage
what is the action of the ventral hyoid constrictor?
compresses the 1st pharyngeal pouch
what is the action of the adductor mandibulae?
adducts the lower jaw
what is the action of the intermandibularis?
pulls the lower jaws towards the midline during opening of the jaws and hyoid arch; helps elevate the floor of the oral cavity when mouth is shut
what is the action of the levator palatoquadrati?
elevates the palatoquadrate
what is the action of the spiracularis?
closes the spiracle
what is the description and action of the epaxial musculature?
dorsal myomeres of the trunk and tail arranged as longitudinal bundles; flex trunk and tail to the left and right
what is the description and action of epibranchial musculature?
anterior extension of epaxial musculature dorsal to branchial region; elevates chondrocranium during feeding
what is the action of coracoarcuals?
depresses the basihyal and ceratohyal cartilages by expanding the oral and pharyngeal cavities
what is the action of coracobranchials?
abduct the hyoid and branchial arches helping to expand the branchial region
what is the action of the coracohyoids?
abducts hyoid arch
what is the action of the coracomandibular?
abducts the lower jaw