Shark Muscle Actions Flashcards

1
Q

what is the action of the pectoral abductor?

A

abducts and flattens pectoral fin

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2
Q

what is action pectoral adductor?

A

adducts pectoral fin and renders it ventrally concave

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3
Q

what is the action of the branchial adductor?

A

adducts gill arch

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4
Q

what is the action of the cucullaris?

A

elevates pectoral girdle and last branchial arch

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5
Q

what is the action of the dorsal interarcual?

A

it adducts the gill arch

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6
Q

what is the action of the dorsal superficial branchial constrictors?

A

they compress the pharyngeal pouches

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7
Q

what is the action of the interbranchial?

A

adducts pharyngeal arches and moves interbranchial septa

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8
Q

what is the action of the lateral interarcuals?

A

they adduct the pharyngeal arch

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9
Q

what is the action of the ventral superficial branchial constrictors?

A

they compress pharyngeal pouches

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10
Q

what is the action of the dorsal hyoid constrictor?

A

compresses the 1st pharyngeal pouch

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11
Q

what is the action of the levator hyomandibulae?

A

elevates hyomandibular cartilage

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12
Q

what is the action of the ventral hyoid constrictor?

A

compresses the 1st pharyngeal pouch

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13
Q

what is the action of the adductor mandibulae?

A

adducts the lower jaw

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14
Q

what is the action of the intermandibularis?

A

pulls the lower jaws towards the midline during opening of the jaws and hyoid arch; helps elevate the floor of the oral cavity when mouth is shut

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15
Q

what is the action of the levator palatoquadrati?

A

elevates the palatoquadrate

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16
Q

what is the action of the spiracularis?

A

closes the spiracle

17
Q

what is the description and action of the epaxial musculature?

A

dorsal myomeres of the trunk and tail arranged as longitudinal bundles; flex trunk and tail to the left and right

18
Q

what is the description and action of epibranchial musculature?

A

anterior extension of epaxial musculature dorsal to branchial region; elevates chondrocranium during feeding

19
Q

what is the action of coracoarcuals?

A

depresses the basihyal and ceratohyal cartilages by expanding the oral and pharyngeal cavities

20
Q

what is the action of coracobranchials?

A

abduct the hyoid and branchial arches helping to expand the branchial region

21
Q

what is the action of the coracohyoids?

A

abducts hyoid arch

22
Q

what is the action of the coracomandibular?

A

abducts the lower jaw