Shapes Of Molecules

Question 1

Tetrahedral

Answer 1

Bond angle = 109.5
No lone pairs, repel equally , 4 bonding regions

Question 2

Trigonal planar

Answer 2

Bond angle = 120
3 bonding regions, 0 lone pairs
E.g BF3

Question 3

Trigonal pyramidal

Answer 3

Bond angle= 107 (-2.5 as each lone pair decreases bond angle by 2.5)
3 bonding regions, 1 lone pair, lone pair repels further than the bonding regions
E.g ammonia (NH3)

Question 4

Non-linear

Answer 4

Bond angle = 104.5 (109.5 -5 as each lone pair decreases bond angle by 2.5)
2 bonding regions, 2 lone pairs, lone pairs repels further than the bonding regions
E.g. water

Question 5

Linear

Answer 5

Bond angle= 180
2 bonding regions, 0 lone pairs, repel equally
E.g. carbon dioxide

Question 6

Octrahedral

Answer 6

Bond angles = 90
6 bonding regions, no lone pairs

Question 7

Trigonal bipyramidal

Answer 7

Bond angles - 120 and 90
No lone pairs, 5 bonding regions

Question 8

What r the diff shapes and angles

Answer 8

Tetrahedral - 109.5 (no lone pairs)
Trigonal planar- 120 (no lone pairs)
Trigonal pyramidal - 107 (one lone pair)
Non linear - 104.5 (two lone pairs)
Linear - 180 (no lone pairs)
Octrahedral - 90 (no lone pairs)
Trigonal bipyramidal - 120 and 90 ( no lone pairs)

Question 9

Shapes of ions

Answer 9

Carbonate ion - Trigonal planar (3 bonding regions , three regions of electron density surrounding the centre atom same as BF3) DOUBLE BOND
Nitrate ion - Trigonal planar DOUBLE BOND
Sulfate ion - tetrahedral (four centres of electron density) TWO DOUBLE BOND
EACH DOUBLE BOND ACTS AS ONE BONDING PAIR
Ammonium ion - tetrahedral

Question 10

Electron repulsion theory

Question 11

Electron repulsion theory