shapes of molecules Flashcards
linear
● total pair of electrons: 2
● bonding pairs of electrons: 2
● lone pairs of electrons: 0
● bond angle: 180
trigonal planar
● total pairs of electron: 3
● bonding pairs of electrons: 3
● lone pairs of electrons: 0
● bond angle: 120
bent (v-shape)
● total pairs of electrons: 3
● bonding pairs of electrons: 2
● lone pairs of electrons: 1
● bond angle: 118
tetrahedral
● total pairs of electrons: 4
● bonding pairs of electrons: 4
● lone pairs of electrons: 0
● bond angle: 109.5
pyramidal
● total pairs of electrons: 4
● bonding pairs of electrons: 3
● lone pairs of electrons: 1
● bond angle: 109.5
bent (v-shape)
● total pairs of electrons: 4
● bonding pairs of electrons: 2
● lone pairs of electrons: 2
● bond angle: 104.5
trigonal bipyramid
● total pairs of electrons: 5
● bonding pairs of electrons: 5
● lone pairs of electrons: 0
● bond angles: 120, 90
see-saw
● total pairs of electrons: 5
● bonding pairs of electrons: 4
● lone pairs of electrons: 1
● bond angles: 119, 89
t-shape
● total pairs of electrons: 5
● bonding pairs of electrons: 3
● lone pairs of electrons: 2
● bond angles: 89
octahedral
● total pairs of electrons: 6
● bonding pairs of electrons: 6
● lone pairs of electrons: 0
● bond angles: 90
distorted square pyramid
● total pairs of electrons: 6
● bonding pairs of electrons: 5
● lone pairs of electrons: 1
● bond angle: 89
square planar
● total pairs of electrons: 6
● bonding pairs of electrons: 4
● lone pairs of electrons: 2
● bond angle: 90
what is VSEPR?
● valence shell electron pair repulsion theory
● shape of molecules is determined by number of groups of electrons around central atom
● electron groupings repel to get as far away from each other as possible
what are the 2 types of electron pairs?
● bonding pairs ( ie electrons in a covalent bond)
● non bonding pairs (ie lone pairs) - repel more
● lone pair - lone pair > lone pair - bonding pair > bonding pair - bonding pair
