shape margin Flashcards
Long and very narrow like a blade of grass
Linear
Having an elongated form with slightly parallel sides, roughly rectangular.
Oblong
Long, wider in the middle, shaped like a lance tip.
Lanceolate
Much longer than wide and with the widest portion near the tip, reversed lanceolate.
Oblanceolate
Awl-shaped with a tapering point
Subulate
Spoon-shaped; having a broad flat end which tapers to the base
Spathulate
Oval, egg-shaped, with a tapering point and the widest portion near the petiole.
Ovate
Teardrop-shaped, stem attaches to the tapering end; reversed ovate.
obovate
Oval, with a short or no point.
Elliptical
Diamond-shaped.
Rhomboid
Shaped like Greek letter Delta, triangular, stem attaches to side
Deltoid
Circular.
Orbicular
Shaped like a kidney: an oval with an inward curve on one side.
Reniform
Heart-shaped, with the petiole or stem attached to the notch.
Cordate
Heart-shaped, stem attaches at the tapering end.
Obcordate
Slender and pointed, needle-like
Acicular
Sickle-shaped.
Falcate
Shaped like a lyre, pinnately lobed leaf with an enlarged terminal lobe and smaller lateral lobes.
Lyrate
Having lobes with incisions that extend less than half-way toward the midrib.
Pinnatifid
Having lobes with incisions that extend almost, or up to midrib.
Pinnatisect
Having lobes with incisions that extend almost up, but not quite to the petiole.
Palmatisect
Palm-shaped, having lobes with incisions that extend less than half-way toward the petiole
Palmatifid
Shaped like a sword, long and narrow with a sharp pointed tip.
Ensiform
Triangular, wedge-shaped, stem attaches to point.
Cuneate
With an odd number of leaflets, pinnate with a terminal leaflet (the opposite of paripinnate)
Imparipinnate
Pinnate with an even number of leaflets, lacking a terminal leaflet (the opposite of imparipinnate)
paripinnate
The leaflets are themselves pinnately-compound; twice pinnate
Bipinnate
Pinnately compound in which each leaflet is itself bipinnate
Tripinnate
With three leaflets
Trifoliolate
Consisting of leaflets all radiating from one point
Palmate (degitate)
Pointed, having a short sharp apex angled less than 90°.
Acute
Tapering to a long point in a concave manner.
Acuminate
Ending in a stiff, bristle-like point.
Aristate
Ending abruptly in a small sharp point as a continuation of the midrib.
Mucronate
With a sharp, elongated, rigid tip; tipped with a cusp.
Cuspidate
Blunt, forming an angle > 90°.
Obtuse
Slightly indented at the tip
Emarginate
With a squared-off end
Truncate
With a shallow notch in a round apex.
Retuse
Arrowhead-shaped with the lower lobes folded, or curled downward
Sagittate
Spear-shaped: Pointed, with barbs, shaped like a spear point, with flaring pointed lobes at the base.
Hastate
With the leaf blade surrounding the stem such that the stem appears to pass through the leaf.
Perfoliate
Having leaf tissue taper down the petiole to a narrow base, always having some leaf material on each side of the petiole.
Attenuate
Asymmetrical leaf base, with one side lower than the other
Oblique
Having ear-shaped appendages near the petiole.
Auriculate
Even; with a smooth margin; without toothing
Entire
Fringed with hairs
Ciliate
Wavy-toothed; dentate with rounded teeth
crenate
Finely crenate
Crenulate
Toothed. May be coarsely dentate, having large teeth, or glandular dentate, having teeth which bear glands
Dentate
Finely toothed
Denticulate
Saw-toothed; with asymmetrical teeth pointing forward
serrate
Finely serrate
Serrulate
With deep, wave-like indentations; coarsely crenate
Sinuate
Each tooth bearing smaller teeth
Biserrate
With a wavy edge, shallower than sinuate
Undulate
Leaf contains oils that make it smell, not necessarily pleasant
Aromatic
same colour both sides ( indicates the leaf is isobilateral)
Concolorous
Having a tough, leathery texture
Coriaceous
small structure on the lower surface of a leaf in some woody dicotyledons, located in the axils of the primary veins and usually consisting of depressions partly enclosed by leaf tissue or hairs
Domatia
one side of the leaf is a different colour to the other side. (indicates leaf is dorsiventral)
Discolorous
Smooth, without hairs
Glabrous
blue green to grey green
Glaucous
covered by coarse and stiff hairs
Hirsute
covered with stiff bristle like hairs
Hispid
glossy, gleaming bright
Lustrous
downy, having short, soft hairs
Pubesent
of brownish-red colour, applied mainly to hairs and brstles
Rufous
having a wrinkled surface
Rugose
a surface roughened by minute protuberances
Scabrous
hard leaves,usually with an abundance of sclerenchyma. eg. Eucalyptus spp.
Sclerophyllous
covered with small, dry scales
Scurfy
with short stiff hairs lying closely and in one direction
Strigose
short dense hairs usually matted together to form a felt like surface
Tomentose
leaves with more than one colour present
Variegated
having long, soft hairs
Villous