shakespeare Flashcards
shakespare born on and where?
23rd april 1564 in village of stratford on avon
shakespare father
his father is john shakespare was son of a farmer shifted to stratoford in 1531
shakespeae mother
a farmers daughter His mother was a farmer’s daughter but she had anglo- saxon and norman blood in her which brought forth his creativity
shakespeare marriage
. William Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway. He often makes references that marriages are mocked upon which probably show that he had a troubled marriage. Anne was 8 years senior to her. Later, he left Stratford and went to London to pursue his dreams. In his late age works the mockery of marriage stopped occurring which indicates that his old age phase had a successful marriage period.
period between 1857 to 1611
Between 1857 to 1611 he was in London. Venus and Adonis which he wrote for the Earle of Southampton in his honor got him rewarded with a title and a part owner of the globe & the blackfriars theatre. He might have gone through a lot of personal issues after which in 1611 he purchased a house in Stratford and moved back to his home. His works during this period may have included his personal pain because the poise with which he wrote this is only possible if you experience it firsthand.
death and his last work
His last work is the Tempest. Henry the 8th is the work that he couldn’t complete. He died on the same day that he was born in 1616. Today his tomb is almost a pilgrimage for all those who are literature followers.
1588 - 1593
1. Period of early experimentation Some of the works that important to mention is 1. Titus Andronicus. 2. Henry the 6th (3 parts) 3. Love’s labour’s lost. 4. Comedy of errors (A hindi picture named Angoor starring Sanjeev kumar was also made in India) 5.two gentlemen of verona 6.richard the 3rd richard the 2nd 7,romeo and juillet 8.venus and adonis 9.rape of lurece
The characteristic features of these works:
- It is extremely slight in texture i.e. the depth is lacking everything exists only at the base. Indicates that he wrote it at the first go.
- Treatment of life is superficial.
- There is no depth of thought
- There is no depth of characterization
- The art is immature.
- There is youthful exuberance of imagination.
- Extravagance of language (high flown dialogues)
1594- 1600
2. Period of great comedies and chronicle plays The major works: 1. King John (considered to be a strong king at the time. Henry was considered weak) 2. Merchant of Venice 3. Henry the 4th (1+2) 4. Henry the 5th 5. The taming of the shrew. 6. merry wives of windsor 7..much ado about nothing 8.as u like it 9.twelfth night
The characteristic features:
- Rapid growth in development as a writer.
- Deeper knowledge of human life and human nature.
- The art of characterization is more penetrating i.e. more thoughtful and thought provoking
1601-1607
3. The period of great tragedies/ bitter comedies The major works: 1. Julius Caesar 2. Hamlet 3. Macbeth 4. All’s Well That Ends Well (a bitter comedy) 5. measure for measure 6. Antony and Cleopatra 7. Troilus & Cressida. 8. King leare 9.timon of athens 10.othello 11.coriolanus
The characteristic features:
- This is the period of his greatest work. Also, the period of great gloom and depression. This sadness is depicted in a poignant manner but good always came out on top.
- His intellectual powers, His dramatic powers, his power of expression are at his finest.
- The drawback is that the dark side of human experiences is highlighted. Emphasis is more on the weaknesses of the human mind.
1608-1612
- Period of later comedies or dramatic romances
The major works: - Pericles
- Cymbeline
- The winter’s tale.
- The tempest. ( His last complete work)
- The unfinished Henry the 8th.
The characteristic features:
This is the period when he came back to home and started farming thus ending his period of struggle. - The bitterness and gloom of human emotions are now washed off. There is peace in his work. There are no dark sides of human nature. The dark clouds have melted away. There is a tender and gracious stone full of wisdom. There is a tragic passion as the backdrop but the evil is no longer allowed to dominate over that.
- Here you will find carelessness in construction. There are gaps, characterization isweak quite several times, there is a decline in style.
theories of greatness of shakespeare
- The romantic critics hold that in him all came from within and that he had that over mastering power because of his genius.
- Practical and unimaginative people or critics say that for Shakespeare all came from with out. Thus, stating that he copied a lot of work from other people. They say that he lived in a play loving age, he studied the crowds, gave them what they wanted and reflected on their thoughts and views.
- Of his greatness there is no question but it is certainly shaped and enriched by external influences i.e. his life in London and the village of Stratford. In Stratford he learnt the natural environment and the natural things and in London he learnt the superficial and made up urban things and culture which he then concocted into his own creations