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Cardiology > SGU cardiology Intro > Flashcards

SGU cardiology Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Grade 1 murmur

A

very soft & INTERMITTENT (heard then not heard later)

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2
Q

Grade 2 murmur

A

soft murmur consistently heard in a quiet room

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3
Q

Grade 3 murmur

A

Moderate intensity murmur - think of 3 first!!! if you can hear a murmur its at least a 3

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4
Q

Grade 4 murmur

A

Loud murmur that RADIATES TO OTHER SIDE OF BODY

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5
Q

Grade 5 murmur

A

Loud murmur with Precordial Thrill

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6
Q

Grade 6 murmur

A

Very loud murmur that you can hear with stethoscope off of the body wall

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7
Q

Basic cardiac workup (4)

A
  1. thoracic rads
  2. blood pressure
  3. Echocardiogram/ultrasound
  4. ECG
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8
Q

what diagnostic should be run first?

A

radiographs - CHF congestion will be in the lungs

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9
Q

Full cardiac workup (12)

A
  1. thyroid fx - hyperthyroid can cause heart dz in cats
  2. HW test
  3. CBC - anemia, causes less viscous, turbulent flow
  4. Chem/UA - electrolytes, renal function, glucose
  5. Blood culture - endocarditis
  6. Thoracic rads
  7. echocardiogram
  8. BP
  9. ECG
  10. Neuro exam - syncope vs seizure
  11. Holter monitoring
  12. Event monitoring
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10
Q

normal: intracostal spaces covered by the heart?

A

2.5-3.5

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11
Q

most common CHF in dogs

A

mitral valve endocardiosis

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12
Q

ECG: a deep S means?

A

Right sided enlargement

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13
Q

ECG: a tall R means?

A

Left sided enlargement

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14
Q

Hypertension causes damage to what organs

A
  1. eyes - blindness, retinal detachment (esp cats)
  2. kidneys - glomerular sclerosis, ↓ nephrons
  3. heart - ↑ afterload to the heart causing left ventricular hypertrophy or cardiac failure
  4. brain - encephalopathy or stroke
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15
Q

normal BP

A

120/80

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16
Q

What causes systolic flat/plateau murmur

A
  1. mitral/tricuspid insufficiency

2. VSD

17
Q

What causes systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur

A
  1. pulmonic stenosis

2. aortic stenosis

18
Q

what causes diastolic decrescendo murmur

A

pulmonic/aortic insufficiency

19
Q

what causes a crescendo in systole and a decrescendo in diastole aka continuous

A

PDA

Cardiology (2 decks)

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