SG19: Moods and Tenses Flashcards
When is the present subjunctive mood used?
The subjunctive mood is used to talk about desires, doubts, wishes, conjectures, and possibilities.
When is the indicative mood used?
The indicative mood is used to talk about facts and other statements that are believed to be true and concrete.
what is the imperative mood?
The imperative mood is used to give commands.
what is mood in Spanish?
Grammatical mood reflects a speaker’s attitude toward a statement. As stated above, Spanish has three moods: the subjunctive, the indicative, and the imperative.
what is tense is Spanish?
tense refers to when an action takes place. Spanish has three tenses: the past, the present, and the future.
Rules for conjugating the imperfect subjunctive
A - Obtain the preterite in 3rd person plural
eg. Cantaron
B- Drop the -ron ending
C- replace ‘ron’ with ‘ra’ , ‘ras’, ‘ra’, ‘ramos’, ‘ran’
NB. This Applies to all the verbs ie ar, er and ir verbs
Rules for conjugating the present subjunctive
A- form the yo form of the present tense and drop the “o” from it
B - For ‘ar’ verbs add ‘e’, ‘es’, ‘e’, ‘emos’, ‘en’
- For er verbs add ‘a’, ‘as’, ‘a’, ‘amos’, ‘an’
rules for conjugating conditional tense
A - form the future first person singular such as cantare, saldre, querre and drop the ‘e’
simply add ia, ias, ia, iamos, ian to the first person future
when to use the conditional tense
- The conditional is used when the action of the verb would happen only if a certain condition were met eg ‘I would marry you but I don’t have enough money’.
‘Me casaria contigo pero no tengo bastante dinero’. - When the conditional tense is followed by si (“if”), the next verb is in a tense called the imperfect (past) subjunctive.
eg ‘Yo hablaría español si yo tuviera mi diccionario’.
‘I would speak Spanish if I had my dictionary’.
how to form the present perfect
present tense of haber + past participle
eg. I have eaten
yo he comido
when is the present perfect used?
Used for past actions that just happened and are seen as affecting the present
how is the pluperfect(past perfect) tense formed?
imperfect tense of haber + past participle
how is the past continuous formed?
imperfect tense of estar + present participle
What is the active voice?
. When we say or write a sentence by using the active voice, the subject performs the action on an object.
Eg.
-Yo escribí estas cartas. (I wrote these letters.)
- Mi hermana está cocinando sopa. (My sister is cooking some soup.)
what is the passive voice?
when we write a sentence in the passive voice, the subject receives the action
eg el libro fue leido por juan.
