SFBH: ... Advocating cleanliness in food, water and personal hygiene

Question 1

Infectious disease?

Answer 1

Caused by an organism or infected agents known as PATHOGENS.

• Can be transferred either directly or through a vector e.g. mosquitos
• e.g. malaria- mosquitos ar vectors for malaria

Question 2

Non-Infectious disease?

Answer 2

Not due to disease-causing organisms. Can be related to lifestyle behaviours.
- e.g. CVD

Question 3

Pathogens/cleanliness with food

Answer 3

• pathogens (microorganisms) can be transferred through food
• guidelines: wash hands before/after, coloured chopping boards, hot food above 60 etc.
• e.g. salmonellosis caused by salmonella bacteria and is transferred through undercooked food.

Question 4

Hygiene to prevent spread of pathogens

Answer 4

personal hygiene:
- keep bodies and openings clean to prevent build-up of micro-organisms.
- wash hands before/after food/bathroom
- close cuts
community hygiene:
- sewerage & garbage disposal
- sterilised equipment

Question 5

Pathogens/Cleanliness with water

Answer 5

• boiling water
• domestic water comply with standards
• proper water treatment

Question 6

Pathogen?

Answer 6

Organism or infective agent that lives in or on another living organisms and causes disease.

Question 7

Conditions under which an organism is described a pathogen

Answer 7

• transmission can be direct (person to person)
• transmission can be indirect (environment e.g. air to person)
• transmission can be person to person via a vector
• macro/micro
• may live outside body
• includes pirons, viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans and macro-parasites.

Question 8

Treatment of Drinking Water (FCSFDC)

Answer 8

flocculation/coagulation: forming camps of particles, forming floccs

sedimentation: flocks settling to bottom
filtration: water passes through filters removing particles that haven’t settled
disinfection: inactivates micro-organisms through UV, chemical
chlorination: kills resistant micro-organisms.