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microbiology > sexually transmitted infections > Flashcards

sexually transmitted infections Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between exogenous and endogenous infections?

A

exogenous - usually STI’s and is outside the body

endogenous - infections from normal flora and is inside the body

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2
Q

what is the difference between exudative and ulcerative infections?

A

exudative - puss or discharge

ulcerative - chancer, chancroid, warts, herpes etc

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3
Q

what is vaginitis ?

A

inflammation of the vaginal mucosa

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4
Q

what are the symptoms of vaginitis?

A

discharge, odour, itch

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5
Q

what is the causative agent of vaginitis?

A

yeast - Candida Albicans

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6
Q

what is the makeup of a protozoan?

A

exoskeleton, large with small flagellas that have bad motility

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7
Q

Vaginitis - Men or women are more symptomatic?

A

Women

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8
Q

What is Cervicitis and urethritis?

A

inflammation of cervix or urethra

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9
Q

What causes Cervicitis and urethritis?

A

Neisseria Gonorrheoae

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10
Q

What are the symptoms of Cervicitis and urethritis?

A

discharge & pain during urination

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11
Q

Cervicitis and urethritis - Men or women are more symptomatic?

A

Men - gets white streaks in underwear from discharge and can be green

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12
Q

How is Cervicitis and urethritis diagnosed?

A

swab and analyzed on petri dish and under microscope

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13
Q

what is the danger with pregnant women with gonorrhoea ?

A

can pass from mother to child during child birth

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14
Q

what is chlamydia trachomatis?

A

bacterial sti

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15
Q

chlamydia trachomatis - Men or women are more symptomatic? What happens when women go untreated?

A

both are usually asymptomatic.
women - serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, infertility, sterility, risk of ectopic pregnancy

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16
Q

Why is chlamydia trachomatis more prevalent in females?

A

because genital epithelium is different than males and moist environment is better for growing conditions.
women get physicals thus chlamydia trachomatis is discovered more often than males.

17
Q

What are the 3 reasons STI’s are roaring back in north america?

A
  1. less condom sex between men and men
  2. dating app increase - more anonymous
  3. numbers may be higher because we are getting better at checking
18
Q

what are the three stages of syphilis?

A

primary phase: chancres at site of entry, painless & heals spontaneously, infectious
Secondary phase: signs of disseminated disease, lesions on trunk, palms and soles of feet, lesion fluid is very infectious!!!!!
Tertiary phase: can be decades later, neurological & cardiovascular issues

19
Q

what is syphilis?

A

Treponema Pallidus bacteria

The silent killer

20
Q

syphilis - Men or women are at higher risk?

A

men - due to prostitution, male to male transmission & males don’t like to get tested

21
Q

What is chancroid STI?

A

Haemophilus Ducreyi bacteria
rare in Canada
soft and painful

22
Q

how is chancroid infections diagnosed?

A

growth of culture and analysis

23
Q

What is Human papillomavirus (HPV) ?

A

Genital warts from virus - over 100 strains - some can cause cancer.
can be genital or oral warts and can develop into other health conditions

24
Q

What are the symptoms of HPV?

A

cauliflower genital warts - Condlyoma
most cases go away themselves & most people don’t know they have it
can cause cervical or oropharyngeal cancer

25
Q

Can HPV be treated?

A

No, the disease can be maintained by outbreaks can occur - warts are lazer removed.

26
Q

What is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

A

virus of the immune system - T lymphotropic virus, leukemias, sarcomas, Lymphomas
can cause AIDS
specific blood testing
single strand RNA virus

27
Q

How do you test for human immunodeficiency virus?

A

indirect testing: well that is coated with the antigen that resembles HIV. if the person has HIV then their blood will have antibodies specific to the virus. binding of antigen to antibody isn’t visible - can be seen through using another antibody that has fluorescent particle that produces colour when the antibody binds.

28
Q

What is HSV II?

A

herpes simplex virus 2 - genital herpes

can be asymptomatic & has reoccurring OB

29
Q

how does HSV II affect newborns

A

Catastrophic effects - if mom has herpes - c section delivery

30
Q

What is HSV I?

A

genital herpes caused by mouth herpes. causes infection in the genitals, but when OB happens again it returns on the mouth instead.

31
Q

Are there treatments for Herpes?

A

No, antiviral medications that often reduce risk of OB

32
Q

What is pubic lice? What are the symptoms?

A

crabs - itchiness that increases at night (lice feeding), see lice and eggs in the pubic hair, sores in the genital area from biting

33
Q

What is the role of public health for STIs?

A

identify active cases and treat them, encourage safe sex, report finding to authorities, education.

microbiology (2 decks)

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