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Preventive Medicine > Sexually Transmitted Infections > Flashcards

Sexually Transmitted Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Another name for STDs

A

Sexually transmitted infections

Venereal diseases

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2
Q

Ways to pass infection (2)

A

Sexual contact

Genital contact

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3
Q

Other ways to transmit infection (2)

A

IV drugs

Childbirth and breastfeeding

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4
Q

Sexually transmitted infections can lead to (3)

A

Cervical cancer
Pelvic inflammatory diseases (for females)
Stillbirth, prematurity, prenatal infections, congenital anomalies

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5
Q

Why are STDs an important global health priority? (2)

A

Devastating impact on women and children

Interrelationships with HIV/AIDS

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6
Q

How many different bacteria parasites and yeasts and viruses cause STDs?

A

> 30

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7
Q

What is the agent of chlamydia

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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8
Q

What is the agent of gonorrhea?

A

Neisseria gonorrheae

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9
Q

What is the agent of syphilis

A

Treponema pallidum

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10
Q

What is the agent of trichomoniasis

A

Trichomonas vaginalis (parasite)

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11
Q

What is the agent of genital herpes simplex

A

Herpes simplex virus type 1or type 2

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12
Q

What causes hepatitis B

A

Hepatitis b virus

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13
Q

What agent cause hiv and aids

A

Hiv

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14
Q

What cause human papillomavirus

A

Human papillomavirus

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15
Q

What cause chancroid

A

Harmophilus ducreyi

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16
Q

What mosquitoes transmit zika virus

A

Aedes but can also be transmitted sexually

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17
Q

Risk factors:

What age range for stds

A

15-24

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18
Q

True or false: most of the time stds are asymptomatic

A

True

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19
Q

Common symptoms of stds include (5)

A 
Painful urination
Painful sex
Vaginal bleeding
Discharge
Itchiness in vaginal or pubic area
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20
Q

Dischage syndrome is present in what STDs (6)

A

Chlamydia - watery discharge; yellow or green

Gonorrhea - thick discharge; yellow or green

Trichomoniasis - yellow or green purulent

Bacterial vaginosis - non sti: off white/ gray
Candidiasis
Genital herpes

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21
Q

Genital ulcer syndrome present in (5)

A 
Genital herpes
Primary syphillis
Chancroid
Lymphogranuloma venerium
Granuloma inguinale
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22
Q

Not all genital ulcers are caused by stds, exceptions include

A

Apthous ulcers

Crohns disease ulcers

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23
Q 
Pelvic inflammatory disease
What is it
What can it cause
Usually caused by
Presents as (3)
A

Infectious disorder of the upper female genital tract
May cause infertility
Caused by genital gonorrhea and chlamydia
Presents abdo pain, pain during sex and urination

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24
Q

Dermatologic syndrome of

HPV TYPES 6 and 11
Secondary syphilis
Disseminated gonococcal infection

A

Condyloma acuminatum
Condyloma lata and skin rash, reddish papules, nodules
Ordinary rash rash

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25
Q

Virus that gradually attacks the immune system, CD4 T helper cells

A

HIV

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26
Q

Asymptomatic during what stage is hiv

A

Early stage

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27
Q

When is HIV considered aids

A

When CD4 T helper cell count of <200/L

28
Q

As of 2017, how many hiv cases per day are there

A

31

29
Q

As of may 2017, there are how many new cases of hiv positive

A

1098

30
Q

Is it mostly in rural or urban setting that hiv is prominent

A

Urban

31
Q

As of june 2018, how many nee hiv plus cases are there

A

993

32
Q

What std is epidemic in phil and is continuously increasing

A

HIV

33
Q

What country has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia-pacific

A

Philippines

34
Q

Majority of new infections are among who

A

Age 15-24
Male to male
Transgender female to male

35
Q

What percentage has correct knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention in 2015

A

35%

36
Q

Condom used increased 36-50%
140% rise in new infection from 2010-2016
83% of newly reported hiv cases in 2016 are among male to male and transgender female
Those who are getting tested increased from 5-16%

A

True

37
Q

Hiv transmission

Sources of transmission include

A 
Vaginal secretions
Rectal secretions
Breastmilk
Blood
Semen and preseminal fluid
38
Q

Route with the highest probability of transmission

A

Mother to child 20-40%

39
Q

Sexual behaviors true or false

Anal intercourse < vaginal intercourse

Recipient of anal intercourse has higher risk of acquiring hiv thru breaks or lesions in mucosa

Baby with hiv positive mother has a high risk of hiv

A

False
True
True

40
Q

T/F

HIV virus is always present in the plasma and every stage is infective

A

True

41
Q

What drugs slows the growth of the virus

A

Antiretroviral drugs

42
Q

What is stage 1 of natural history of hiv

A

Acute hiv syndrome or infection

43
Q

Earliest stage that develops within how many weeks after a person is infected will stage 1 occur

A

2-4weeks

44
Q

Are signs and symptoms specific or nonspecific

A

Non specific. Flu like symptoms

45
Q

T/f due to high viral load, probability transmission is high

A

True

46
Q

In what stage should antiretroviral drugs be given to lessen chance of infection of hiv positive people

A

Stage 1

47
Q

What is stage 2 in the natural history of hiv

A

Chronic hiv infection

48
Q

Chronic hiv infection is also called

A

Asymptomatic hiv infection or clinical latency

49
Q

What follows a period of immune response to hiv

A

Clinical latency

50
Q

During clinical latency, is there an increase or decrease in viremia

A

Decrease

51
Q

Without treatment, chronic hiv infection usually advances to the third stage which is what

A

Aids

52
Q

Most severe stage of hiv

A

Aids

53
Q

What is the cd4 cell count of people with aids

A

<200/uL

54
Q

The body wont be able to fight what kind of infections

A

Opportunistic infections

55
Q

Without treatment, how many years can people with aids survive

A

3 years

56
Q

5 Ps of sexual behavior history taking

A 
Partners - one partner only
Prevention of pregnancy
Protection from stds
Practice - abstain from sex
Past history of stds
57
Q

Ways of preventing STDs (5)

A 
Abstinence
Reducing number if partners
Mutual monogamy
Use of condom
Screening
Hpv and hepatitis vaccination
PEP and PrEP for HIV
58
Q

What is used only in emergency situations? Pep or prep

A

PEP (post exposure prophylaxis)

59
Q

PEP should be started within how many hours after exposure to HIV

A

72 hrs or 3 days

60
Q

For PEP, take antiretroviral drugs for how long

A

28 days

61
Q

Pre exposure prophylaxis or PrEP HIV medicines sold as truvada taken daily for how long

A

28days

62
Q

Screening of adolescents and all sexually active teens is recommended (t or f)

A

True

63
Q

For chlamydia, how often is the screening and who should be screened

A

Annually

Sexually active females 25yrs old and above

64
Q

For neisseria gonorrheae how often is the screening and who

A

Annually

Sexually active women at risk for infection

65
Q

Who should be screened for HIV

A

All adolescents esp those sexually active and use iv drugs

Preventive Medicine (1 decks)

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