Sexuality and Gender

Question 1

Sex

Answer 1

Biology of a person.

Question 2

Sexuality

Answer 2

Term used to refer to sexual behavior.

Question 3

Biological sex

Answer 3

Chromosomes, genes, genitals, hormones.

Question 4

Gender

Answer 4

The psychological aspects of being male or female.

Question 5

Gender roles

Answer 5

The cultures expectations for masculine and feminine behavior that includes:
Attitudes
Behaviors
Personality traits

Question 6

Gender identity

Answer 6

Differs from sexual preference
Refers to an individual’s feeling of being male or female.
Forms at a very early age.
Once formed, gender identity is very resistant to change.

Question 7

Biological influences

Answer 7

Hormones
Example: Female prenatal exposure to androgens (male hormones).
Brain functioning
Example: Male limbic reactions to sexually arousing stimuli found to be more active than female reactions. Evolutionary response suggested as possible cause.

Question 8

Gender role expectations

Answer 8

More pressure on males to be masculine than is found on females to be feminine.
Example: Term “tomboy” for girls. Equal term for boys? (nope)
Research indicates fathers are more concerned with their male offspring showing male gender behavior than female offspring showing female gender behavior.

Question 9

Traditional view

Answer 9

Women are seen as responsible for domestic duties. Men are seen as responsible for external activities (i.e., working, farming, physically strenuous labor).

Question 10

Women are seen as responsible for domestic duties. Men are seen as responsible for external activities (i.e., working, farming, physically strenuous labor).

Answer 10

Trending toward more non-traditional gender-roles.

Question 11

Collectivist cultures

Answer 11

Remain more traditional in gender-role expectations.

Question 12

Cognitive differences

Answer 12

Males superior in mathematical and spatial skills.

Females superior in verbal skills (decreasing differences).

Question 13

Emotional expression

Answer 13

Males tend to talk with each other in a “report” style.

Females tend to talk to each other in a “relate” style.

Question 14

Gender identity disorder

Answer 14

Disorder characterized by the individual feeling that they occupy the body of the wrong gender.

Question 15

Transsexualism

Answer 15

Individual experiences an intense desire and need to change their sexual status, including their anatomical structures.
Found in 1/100,000 men and 1/400,000 women.
Problem typically surfaces in puberty (maturational changes).

Question 16

Non-transsexual gender identity disorder

Answer 16

Discomfort about there assigned gender, often cross-dress, but are not preoccupied with getting rid of their primary and secondary sexual characteristics.

Question 17

Paraphilias

Answer 17

Sexual disorder in which the person’s preferred method of sexual arousal and fulfillment is through sexual behavior that is unusual or socially unacceptable.

Question 18

Fetishism

Answer 18

Most fetishists are solitary in their behavior.
Some commit crimes to acquire objects.
Almost always male.
Fetishes vary widely (rubber is particularly popular).
Often begins in adolescence.

Question 19

Transvestic fetishism

Answer 19

(cross-dressing)
Often uses clothing as a sexual stimulant or fetish.
Most are heterosexual men.
When not cross-dressing, engage in masculine behavior and interests.
Some wear a single item under masculine clothing, others are more involved.

Question 20

Sadist

Answer 20

Achieving orgasm depends on humiliating others or inflicting pain on them (discipline).

Question 21

Masochist

Answer 21

Sexual gratification depends on suffering, humiliation, pain, and ill treatment at the hands of others.

Question 22

Four themes characterize many cases of sadism and masochism

Answer 22

Displays of hypermasculinity and toughness
Administration and receipt of pain
Physical restriction of one person by another
humiliation

Question 23

Four features are found in most cases of sadomasochism

Answer 23

Agreement as to which partner is to be dominant and which submissive.
Awareness by both partners that they are role-playing.
The consent of both parties.
A shared understanding by both participants that their behavior is sadomasochistic.

Question 24

Voyeurism

Answer 24

Individual experiences an irresistible, repetitive urge to spy on others through windows or doors, in public bathrooms, parks, beaches.
Individual is typically male, and achieves sexual gratification from doing something forbidden.
Can evolve into flashing, requests for contact.

Question 25

Frotteurism

Answer 25

Touching or rubbing up against a woman in a sexual manner while in a crowded place (bus, subway, etc.).
Victims typically do not known they have been victimized, there it is rarely reported.

Question 26

Exhibitionism

Answer 26

Always male.
Expose genitals to unsuspecting strangers in public places for sexual arousal.
No intention of harming anyone.
Exposure is done for his own sexual gratification.
Reaction of shock or amazement heightens arousal.
Engages in behavior despite guilt, anxiety, and depression felt as a result of such behavior

Question 27

Pedophilia

Answer 27

Intense and recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving some form of sexual activity with a child who has not reached the age of puberty.

Question 28

To be classified as a pedophile, a person must be:

Answer 28

16 years or older.
At least 5 years older than the child or children.
Acted on these urges or be very distressed by them.