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@NUR181 Exam 3 > Sexuality > Flashcards

Sexuality Flashcards

1
Q

Repetitive or preferred sexual fantasies or behaviors that involve

  • preference for use of nonhuman object
  • sexual activity with humans involving real or simulated suffering or humiliation
  • repetitive sexual activity with non-consenting partners

Most individuals with paraphilic disorders are men.
The behavior is usually established in adolescence, peaks between ages 15 and 25, and declines to low incidence by age 50.

A

Paraphilic disorders

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2
Q 
Exhibitionistic disorder
Fetishistic disorder
Frotteuristic disorder
Pedophilic disorder
Sexual masochism disorder
Sexual sadism disorder
Transvestic disorder
Voyeuristic disorder
A

Types of Paraphilic Disorders

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3
Q

Biological factors
-several organic conditions, including abnormalities in -the limbic system and the temporal lobe.
-Abnormal levels of androgens
Psychoanalytic theory;
-One who has failed the normal developmental process toward heterosexual adjustment, which occurs when the person fails to resolve the Oedipal crisis and either identifies with the parent of the opposite gender or selects an inappropriate object for libido cathexis.

A

Predisposing Factors to Paraphilic Disorders

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4
Q

Behavioral theory;

  • whether a person engages in paraphilic behavior depends on the type of reinforcement he/she receives following the behavior.
  • The initial act may be committed for various reasons. After the initial act has been committed, a conscious evaluation of the behavior occurs, and a choice is made whether to repeat it.
  • Depends on type of reinforcement receive in response to the behavior.
A

Predisposing Factors to Paraphilic Disorders

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5
Q

The focus of this therapy is on blocking or decreasing the level of circulating androgens.

A

Biological treatment; Treatment Modalities for Paraphilic Disorders

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6
Q

The client is helped to identify unresolved conflicts and traumas from early childhood, thus resolving the anxiety that prevents him/her from forming appropriate sexual relationships.

A

Psychoanalytic therapy; treatment of paraphilic disorders

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7
Q

Involves pairing noxious stimuli, such as electric shocks and bad odors, with the impulse, which then diminishes.

A

Aversion techniques. Behavioral Therapy

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8
Q

Satiation; take same behavior; preform over, over and over. until they have no energy left

A

Covert sensitization

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9
Q
  • Nursing may best become involved in the primary prevention process.
  • The focus of primary prevention in sexual disorders is to intervene in home life or other facets of childhood in an effort to prevent problems from developing.
  • An additional concern in primary prevention is to assist in the development of adaptive coping strategies to deal with stressful life situations.
A

Role of the Nurse

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10
Q

Usually occur as a problem in one of the following phases of the sexual response cycle

  • Phase I: Desire
  • Phase II: Excitement
  • Phase III: Orgasm
  • Phase IV: Resolution
A

Sexual Dysfunctions

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11
Q
  • Concurrent with the cultural changes of the 1960’s and 1970’s came an increase in scientific research into sexual physiology and sexual dysfunctions.
  • Masters and Johnson pioneered this work with their studies on human sexual response and the treatment of sexual dysfunctions.
A

Historical and epidemiological aspects

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12
Q

-Erectile disorder; viagra, cialias, levitra; can’t take with Nitrates (work load on the heart)
-Female orgasmic disorder
-Delayed ejaculation; with meds 4 hrs erection; too long
-Early ejaculation; want treatment, but too long
-Female sexual interest/arousal disorder; sexual abuse
-Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
-Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder; marital issures; strain on relationships
-Substance/medication-induced sexual dysfunction
Testosterone increases male libido

A

Sexual Dysfunction

types of sexual dysfunction

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13
Q

Decreased levels of serum testosterone in men.
Elevated levels of serum prolactin in men and women
Certain medications
Alcohol
Cocaine

A

Biological factors; Sexual desire disorders

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14
Q

Certain medications (decreased arousal in women)
Various medical conditions may cause erectile disorder (ED) in men
Medications (ED)
Chronic alcohol use

A

Biological factors; Sexual arousal disorders

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15
Q 
Some medications; (SSRI's)
Medical conditions; (depression, diabetes)
In men, delayed orgasm may be r/t to; 
-surgery of the GU tract.
-neurological disorders
-diabetes
Early ejaculation may be related to 
-infections
-neurological disorders
Arterial insufficency for ED; arteriosclerosis
A

Predisposing Factors to Sexual Dysfunctions;

Biological factors

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16
Q 
Religious orthdoxy
Past sexual abuse
Financial, family, or job problems
Fear of pregnancy
Chronic stress, anxiety, or depression
Sexual identity conflicts
Relationship difficulties
Aging-related concerns
A

Psychosocial factors; predisposing factors of sexual dysfunctions

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17
Q

An assessment tool for gathering a sexual history is used.
Additional information should be gathered for those clients who have medical or surgical conditions that may affect their sexuality.

A

Nursing Assessment; Sexual Disorders

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18
Q
  • Sexual dysfunction related to depression and conflict in relationship or certain biological or psychological contributing factors to the disorder.
  • Ineffective sexuality pattern related to conflicts with sexual orientation or variant preferences.
A

Nursing diagnosis Sexual disorders

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19
Q

Can correlate stressful situations that decrease sexual desire
Can, without discomfort, communicate with partner about sexual situation
Can verbalize ways to enhance sexual desire.
Verbalizes resumption of sexual activity at level satisfactory to self and partner.
Can correlate variant behaviors with times of stress.

A

Outcomes clients with sexual disorders

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20
Q

Clients can verbalize fears about abnormality and inappropriateness of sexual behaviors.
-Expresses desire to change variant sexual behavior
-Participates and cooperates with extended plan of behavior modification.
Expresses satisfaction with own sexuality pattern

A

Outcomes for clients with Sexual disorders

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21
Q

Nursing intervention for the client with sexual disorders is aimed at assisting the person to gain or regain the aspect of his/her sexuality that is desired.
-The nurse must remain nonjudgmental and ensure that personal feelings, attitudes, and values have been clarified and do not interfere with acceptance of the client.

A

Nursing Process: Planning/Implementation; sexual disorders

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22
Q 
The human sexual response cycle
What is "normal" and "abnormal"
Types of sexual dysfunction
Causes of sexual dysfunction
Types of paraphilic disorders 
Causes of paraphilic disorders
Symptoms associated with sexual dysfunctions and paraphilic disorders
A

Nature of the illness; paraphilic disorders

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23
Q

Practices and ways of sexual expression
Relaxation techniques
Side effects of medications that may be contributing to sexual dysfunction.
Effects of alcohol consumption on sexual functioning
About sexually transmitted diseases

A

Management of the disorder; teaching the client

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24
Q

provide appropriate referral for assistance from sex therapist

A

Support services

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25
Q

based on accomplishment of previously established outcome criteria

A

Evaluation

26
Q

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder

  • testosterone
  • cognitive therapy
  • behavioral therapy
  • relationship therapy

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder
-sensate focus exercises

A

Treatment Modalitites; hypoactive sexual desire

27
Q

Erectile disorder

  • sensate focus exercises
  • group therapy
  • hypnotherapy
  • systematic desensitization
  • testosterone; yohimbine
  • sildenafil; tadalafil; vardenafil
  • penile implantation
A

Treatment modalities; erectile disorder

28
Q

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

  • Physical and gynecological examination
  • Education of the woman and her partner regarding the anatomy and physiology of the disorder
  • Systematic desensitization with dilators of graduated sizes
  • Idnetification and treatment of any relationship problems
A

Treatment Modalities; Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

29
Q

Gender identity is the sense of knowing whether one is male or female; that is, the awareness of one’s masculinity or femininity.

A

Gender dysphoria

30
Q

Gender dysphoria occurs when there is incongruence between biological/assigned gender and one’s experienced/expressed gender.

A

Gender dysphoria

31
Q

-Biological Influences
Possible link to congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Recent suggestion of a possible genetic link.

A

Predisposing factors of gender dysphoria

32
Q

Suggests that gender identity problems begin during the struggle of the Oedipal conflict, which interfers with the child’s loving of the opposite-gender parent and identifying with same-gender parent, and ultimately with normal gender identity.

A

Psychoanalytic theory; Gender Dysphoria

33
Q
  • Homosexuality: sexual preference for individuals of the same gender
  • Lesbianism: used to identify female homosexuality
A

Variations in sexual orientation

34
Q

Biological theories: Twin studies suggest that a genetic tendency for homosexuality may exist.
Decreased levels of testosterone and increased levels of estrogen in homosexual men have also been implicated.
This hypothesis lacks definitive evidence.

A

Biological theories; predisposing factors

35
Q

Freud suggested a possible fixation in the stage of development during which homosexual tendencies are common.
-dysfunctional family pattern
-gay men often have;
dominate, supportive mother
-weak, remote, or hostile father
lesbians may have had a dysfunctional mother-daughter relationship
Theory of family dynamics has been disputed by some clinicians.

A

Predisposing Factors of sexual orientation

36
Q
  • Sexually transmitted diseases, particularly HIV disease
  • Discovery of sexual orientation
  • Fear of being rejected by parents and significant others
  • Discrimination within society
  • Gay marriage
A

Special Concerns

37
Q

Humans are sexual beings. Sexuality is a basic human need and an innate part of the total personality. It influences our thoughts, actions, and interactions, and is involved in aspects of physical and mental health.

A

Sexuality

38
Q

is the constitution and life of an individual relative to characteristics regarding intimacy. It reflects the totality of the person and doesn’t relate exclusively to the sex organs and sexual behavior.

A

Sexuality

39
Q

to have sexual activity occurs in response to verbal, physical or visual stimulation.

A

Phase I Desire

40
Q

phase of sexual arousal and erotic pleasure. Physiological changes occur. Male responds with penile tumescense and erection. Female changes include vasocongestion in the pelvis, vaginal lubrication, and swelling of the external genitalia.

A

Phase II Excitement

41
Q

Identified as a peaking of sexual tension and rhythmic contraction of the perineal muscles and reproductive organs.
Women: marked by stimulaneous rhythmic contraction of the uterus, the lower third of the vagina, and the anal sphincter.
Men: forceful emission of semen occurs in response to rhythmic spasms of the prostate, seminal vesicles, vas and urethra.

A

Phase III: orgasm

42
Q

If orgasm has occurred, this phase is characterized by disgorgement of blood from the genitalia, creating a sense of general relaxation and well-being.

  • if orgasm is not achieved, resolution may take several hrs, producing pelvic discomfort and a feeling of irritability.
  • refractory period increases with age (men)
  • women don’t have a refractory period. (having multiple orgasms)
A

Phase IV; Resolution

43
Q

primary erectile disorder; never been able to have intercourse;
secondary erectile disorder; difficulty getting or maintaining an erection but has been able to have intercourse.

A

Erectile disorder

44
Q

marked delay infrequency or absence of orgasm during sexual activity; reduced intensity of orgasmic sensation or anorgasmia; lasted at least 6 months in significance of distress.

A

Female Orgasmic Disorder

45
Q

reduced intensity of orgasm or absence

A

anorgasmia

46
Q

a condition in which the foreskin can not be pulled back

  • allergic reaction
  • prostate problems causing pain during ejaculations
A

Phimosis

47
Q

exercises to treat sexual arousal disorders;

the goal-oriented edemands of intercourse on both men and women reducing performance pressures

A

sensate focus

48
Q

menopause: 40-50’s gradual decline in ovaries and produce estrogen; walls of vag becomes thin and shrinks width and length; vag lub. decreases; pain during intercourse possibe.
- hot flashes, night sweats, sleeplessness, irritability, mood swings, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, and weight gain.
- hormone replacement; increase risk of breast cancer take progesterone; 7 to 10 days/month to prevent endometrial cancer.

A

Women; Menopause; Changes assoc. with Sexuality

49
Q

Testosterone; decreases over the years; 40 to 60’s, sometimes younger.
Erections occur more slowly and require more genital stimulation. decreasing in firmness.
refractory pd. lengthens with age, increasing amount of time following orgasm before erect. again. Volume of ejaculate decreases. decrease forces. Testes becomes smaller. viable sperm to old age.

A

Changes in Men; Changes Assoc. with Sexuality

50
Q

repetitive behaviors or fantasies that involve nonhuman objects, real or simulated suffering or humiliation or non-consenting partners.

A

Paraphilia

51
Q

a paraphilic disorder characterized by a recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving the use of nonliving objects or specific nongenital body parts..

A

Fetishistic Disorder

52
Q

a paraphilic disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to expose ones genitals to a stranger . usually male

A

Exhibitionistic Disorder

53
Q

A paraphilic disorder characterized by the recurrent preoccupation with intense sexual urges or fantasies involving touching or rubbing against a non-consenting person.

A

Frotteuristic Disorder

54
Q

Recurrent urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving sexual activities with a prepubescent child.

A

Pedophilic Disorder

55
Q

Sexual stimulation derived from being humiliated, beaten, bound or otherwise made to suffer. Involves death sometimes.

A

Sexual Masochism Disorder

56
Q

Recurrent urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving acts (real, not simulated) in which the psychological or physical suffering (including humiliation) of the victim is sexually exciting.
S&M behavior
Rape, burning, beating

A

Sexual Sadism Disorder

57
Q

Recurrent urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving dressing in the clothes of the opposite gender. Very common among male gender. heterosexual usually; when alone wears women’s clothing.
feel empowered as a female without attention to the genitals.

A

Transvestic Disorder

58
Q

Recurrent urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving the act of observing unsuspecting people, usually strangers, who are either naked, in the process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity.

A

Voyeuristic Disorder

Peeping Tom

59
Q

Marked delay, infrequency or absence from orgasm during sexual activity.
Primary; never experienced an orgasm.
Secondary; achieved before but no more.

A

Female Orgasmic Disorder

60
Q

Reduced or absent interest or pleasure in sexual activity.

for at least 6 months. causes distress.

A

Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder

61
Q 
after exposure to substance or with withdrawal
-usually men report problems, esp. black males; dont want anything to interfer with sexual pleasure
-pain
-impaired desire
-impaired orgasm
`alcohol
`amphetamines
`cocaine
`opioids
`sedatives
`hypnotics
`anxiolytics
`antidepressants
`antipsychotics
`antihypertensives
`and other medications
A

Substance/Medication-Induced Sexual Dysfunction

@NUR181 Exam 3 (4 decks)

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