Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Sexual Reproduction in Humans > Flashcards

Sexual Reproduction in Humans Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the function of the scrotum?

A

External sac of skin containing the testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

Produces gametes and testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the epididymus?

A

Sperm are stored until they become mature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the vas deferens?

A

Carries sperm to penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the Seminal Vesicle?

A

Secretes a fluid that makes up about 60% of semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the prostate gland?

A

Secretes a fluid that makes up about 30% of semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the urethra?

A

Carries semen and urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A

Produces gametes, oestrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the fallopian tubes?

A

Has ciliated epithelial cells that move the secondary oocyte to the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the uterus?

A

Holds the developing foetus until birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the endometrium?

A

Builds up every month and sheds if there is no implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the cervix?

A

A barrier between the uterus and the outside environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the first stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Germinal epithelium (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the second stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatogonium (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the 3rd stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Primary spermatocyte (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the 4th stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Secondary spermatocyte (n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the 5th stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatid (n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the final stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatozoan (n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the order of cell division in spermatogenesis?

A

Mitosis until primary spermatocyte, meiosis, meiosis, maturation`

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the 4 key parts of a sperm cell?

A

Acrosome, nucleus, mitochondria and axial filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 3 sections of a sperm cell?

A

Head, mid-section, tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the function of the acrosome?

A

Contains protease enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the first stage of oogenesis?

A

Germinal epithelium (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the second stage of oogenesis?

A

Oogonium(2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the third stage of oogenesis?

A

Primary oocyte (2n)

26
Q

What is the fourth stage of oogenesis?

A

Secondary oocyte (n)

27
Q

What is the final stage of oogenesis?

A

Ovum (n)

28
Q

What is the order of cell division in oogenesis?

A

Mitosis, mitosis, meiosis, meiosis

29
Q

What are the parts of a secondary oocyte?

A

Cell membrane, Corona Radiata, Cortical granules, Zona Pellucida and First Polar Body

30
Q

What is stage 1 of fertilisation?

A

Following sexual intercourse, spermatozoa move into the fallopian tube

31
Q

What is stage 2 of fertilisation?

A

Capacitation increases the permeability of the cell membrane in the head of the sperm

32
Q

What is stage 3 of fertilisation?

A

Acrosome reaction releases hydrolase enzymes which digest the zona pellucida

33
Q

What is stage 4 of fertilisation?

A

Fusion of sperm and secondary oocyte membranes

34
Q

What is stage 5 of fertilisation?

A

Cortical reaction in which cortical granules fuse with the cell membrane to modify the zona pellucida to prevent polyspermy

35
Q

What is stage 6 of fertilisation?

A

Nuclei fuse to form zygotic nucleus

36
Q

What is cleavage?

A

The zygote undergoes repeated mitotic divisions to form a ball of cells called the blastocyst

37
Q

What is implantation?

A

The blastocyst moves into the uterus where it attaches to the endometrium . The trophoblast cells for trophoblastic villi that penetrate the endometrium

38
Q

What does the placenta develop from ?

A

Trophoblast cells

39
Q

What are the 4 roles of the placenta and amniotic fluid?

A

Exchange of gases and nutrients, providing a barrier between maternal and foetal blood, secretion of hormones and shock absorber

40
Q

Why is a barrier between maternal and foetal blood necessary?

A

Protects the foetal capillaries from high blood pressure and prevents phagocytes from entering the foetus

41
Q

What hormones does the placenta secrete?

A

hCG and progesterone and oestrogen when the corpus luteum degenerates

42
Q

What is stage 1 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

Anterior pituitary gland secretes FSH

43
Q

What is stage 2 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

FSH stimulates maturation of primary follicle

44
Q

What is stage 3 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

Maturing follicle secretes oestrogen

45
Q

What is stage 4 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

Oestrogen stimulates LH production, inhibits FSH secretion and triggers the rebuilding of the endometrium

46
Q

What is stage 5 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

LH stimulates secretion of FSH, induces ovulation and stimulates the conversion of the Graafian follicle into the corpus luteum

47
Q

What is stage 6 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

FSH inhibits oestrogen production

48
Q

What is stage 7 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

Corpus luteum secretes progesterone

49
Q

What is stage 8 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

Progesterone maintains the endometrium and inhibits FSH and LH

50
Q

What is stage 9 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

Falling levels of FSH and LH cause the corpus luteum to degenerate

51
Q

What is stage 10 of hormones in menstrual cycle?

A

Progesterone levels decrease

52
Q

What is stage 11 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

Low levels of progesterone and oestrogen cause the endometrium to breakdown

53
Q

What is stage 1 of hormones in pregnancy?

A

Following fertilisation, the developing embryo begins to secrete hCG

54
Q

What is stage 2 of hormones in pregnancy?

A

If the implantation is successful, the developing placenta will take over secretions of hCG

55
Q

What is the importance of hCG?

A

Maintenance of the corpus luteum

56
Q

What is stage 3 of hormones in pregnancy?

A

The corpus luteum secretes oestrogen and progesterone which inhibit FSH and LH

57
Q

What does progesterone do in pregnancy?

A

Maintains the endometrium wall and suppresses the uterine wall’s ability to contract by inhibiting secretions of oxytocin

58
Q

What does oestrogen do in pregnancy?

A

Stimulates a growth of the uterus and mammary glands

59
Q

What is stage 1 of hormones at birth?

A

Just before birth, oestrogen levels increase and progesterone levels decrease

60
Q

What is stage 2 of hormones at birth?

A

Oxytocin secretion by posterior pituitary is no longer inhibited. Secretion of oxytocin stimulates contraction of the uterine wall

61
Q

What is stage 3 of hormones at birh?

A

Prolactin secreted by the anterior pituitary gland stimulates milk production

Biology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions