Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants

Question 1

The cell wall of pollen grain is called

Answer 1

Sporoderm

Question 2

Plant causing pollen Allergy

Answer 2

Parthenium/carrot grass
Amaranthus
Chenopodium

Question 3

Pollen viability in rice or wheat

Answer 3

30 minutes

Question 4

Pollen banks

Answer 4

Storage of pollen grains for years in liquid nitrogen (-196°C) for later use in plant breeding programmes is called as cryopreservation. These centres for storage of pollens are called pollen banks.

Question 5

Alpha cellulosic fibrous thickening is present in

Answer 5

Inner tangential wall of Endothecium

Question 6

How many meiotic and mitotic division are required to form two male gamete from a PCM

Answer 6

1 Meiotic division

2 Mitotic division

Question 7

Apocarpous ovary is found in

Answer 7

Michelia

Question 8

Syncarpous ovary is found in

Answer 8

Papaver

Question 9

Two celled stage of pollen grain is a result of

Answer 9

Asymmetric mitosis

Question 10

Mature male gametophyte is how many celled

Answer 10

3 celled

Question 11

The MMC undergoes meiosis and forms a linear tetrad of four haploid megaspore. Which end of the ovule has the functional megaspore?

Answer 11

Chalazal end

Question 12

What is the location of nucleus and vacuole of egg cell and synergids respectively?

Answer 12

The egg cell has a micropylar vacuole and chalazal nucleus.

Synergids have micropylar nucleus and chalazal vacuole.

Question 13

Orthotropous ovule

Answer 13

The micropyle, chalaza and funicle are in straight line. This is the most primitive type of ovule.
Eg, piper
Polygonum
Cycus

Question 14

Anatropous ovule

Answer 14

The ovule turns at 180° angle. Thus it is inverted ovule. Micropyle lies close to hilum or at side of hilum.
Eg, it is most common ovule and found in 82% of angiosperm family.

Question 15

Hemianatropous ovule

Answer 15

Ovule turns at 90° angle upon the funicle or body of ovule is at right angle to the funicle.
Eg, Ranunculus

Question 16

Campylotropous ovule

Answer 16

Ovule is curved more or less at right angle to funicle. Micropylar end is bent down slightly
Eg, in members of leguminosae, cruciferae

Question 17

Amphitropous ovule

Answer 17

Ovule as well as embryo sac is curved like horse shoe
Eg, lamna
Poppy
Alisma

Question 18

Circinotropous ovule

Answer 18

The ovule turns at more than 360° angle, so funicle become coiled around the ovule.
Eg, opuntia (cactaceae)
Plumbaginaceae

Question 19

The vegetative cell of the embryo sac is

Answer 19

Antipodal cells

Question 20

Integumented megasporangium is also called as

Answer 20

Ovule

Question 21

Male gametophyte and female gametophyte are

Answer 21

Pollen grains and embryo sac respectively

Question 22

Name some plants that produce both chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers

Answer 22

Viola (common pansy)
Oxalis
Commalina

Question 23

Anemophily

Answer 23

Wind pollination
#  pollen grains are light and non-sticky. 
# flowers have well exposed stamens. 
# flowers have large feathery stigma. 
# flowers packed into inflorescence.

Eg,common in grasses
        maize
       Wheat
        Sugarcane
         Bamboo

Question 24

Hydrophily

Answer 24

Water pollination

# light, unwettable pollen grains, surrounded by mucilagenous covering. 
# long, sticky, unwettable stigma.

Eg, fresh water plants like vallisneria, hydrilla
Marine water plant like zostera.

Question 25

Epihydrophily

Answer 25

Pollination on the surface of water. Eg, vallisneria ``` # female flower have very long pedicel, therefore it reaches the surface of water. # male flower after breakage floats on the surface of water. # pollen grains are released on the surfave of water and reach to the stigma. ```

Question 26

Hypohydrophily

Answer 26

Beneath the surface of water. Eg, zostera female flowers are remain submerged in water. Pollen grains are ribbon like and they are carried passively inside water to the stigma.

Question 27

Which aquatic plants have their flowers emerge above the level of water and are pollinated by insects or wind.

Answer 27

Water hyacinth | Water lily

Question 28

Pollen robbers

Answer 28

Queen of Bombus affinis perforate Aquiligia spurs and steal nectar.

Question 29

Ornithophily

Answer 29

Bird pollination

Question 30

Chiropterophily

Answer 30

Bats pollination

Question 31

Malacophily

Answer 31

Snails pollination

Question 32

Ophiophily

Answer 32

Snakes pollination

Question 33

Ploidy of polygonum type embryo sac is

Answer 33

Haploid

Question 34

Female flowers remains submerged in water and pollen grains are released inside water in

Answer 34

Sea grasses

Question 35

Epihydrophily is found in

Answer 35

Tape grass

Question 36

Which plant provide safe place to insects for laying eggs?

Answer 36

Amorphophallus

Question 37

Pollination occurs by pseudocopulation mechanism in

Answer 37

Ophrys

Question 38

Lemur,a large animal, acts as pollinator in

Answer 38

Ravenela

Question 39

Pollination present in santalum is

Answer 39

Ophiophily

Question 40

Triple fusion and double fertilization was discovered by

Answer 40

S G Nawaschin

Question 41

The starchy endosperm is present in

Answer 41

Rice and wheat

Question 42

The proteinaceous endosperm is present in

Answer 42

Maize

Question 43

The oily endosperm is present in

Answer 43

Castor and coconut

Question 44

The cellulosic endosperm is present in

Answer 44

Ivory palm

Question 45

The hemicellulosic endosperm is present in

Answer 45

Date palm

Question 46

The stony endosperm is present in

Answer 46

``` Betel nut(Areca nut) Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) ```

Question 47

Diploid endosperm is found in

Answer 47

Oenothera

Question 48

Large suspensor cell are prensent towars which region of zygote

Answer 48

Micropyle

Question 49

The first cell of suspensor (towards microphyle) is large and called as

Answer 49

Haustorium or vesicular cell

Question 50

The last cell of the suspensor towards embryo cell is

Answer 50

Hypophysis

Question 51

A single cotyledon is called

Answer 51

Scutellum

Question 52

Covering of radicle and root cap is

Answer 52

Coleorhiza

Question 53

Covering of shoot apex and few leaf primordia is called

Answer 53

Coleoptile

Question 54

The remains of second cotyledon in some grasses is called

Answer 54

Epiblast

Question 55

Why micropyle is remains as a small pore in the seed coat?

Answer 55

This facilitates entry of 0xygen and water into the seed during germination.

Question 56

Form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction is

Answer 56

Apomixis

Question 57

Double fertilization was discovered by Nawaschin and Guignard in

Answer 57

Lilium and Fritillaria

Question 58

Seeds of which plant was discovered during the archaeological excavation of king Herod's palace near Dead sea?

Answer 58

A 2000 yrs old viable seed of date palm, Phoenix dactylifera was found.

Question 59

The nucellar embryos are apomictic embryos, developed by

Answer 59

Sporophytic budding

Question 60

The pollen viability period of rice and pea respectively is

Answer 60

30 minutes and several months

Question 61

Semelparous organisms

Answer 61

Organism reproduces only once in their lifetime, such as annual plants(including all grain crops) and certain species of salmon, spiders, bamboos and century plants. Ofter, they die shortly after reproduction.

Question 62

Iteroparous organisms

Answer 62

Organisms which produce offsprings in successive (eg., annual and seasonal)cycles, such as perennial plants. Iteroparous animals survive over multiple seasons(or periodic conditions changes).