sexual reproduction Flashcards
Genetic diversity
The genetic diversity of a population refers to the amount of genetic variation that exists between individuals within that population.
Gene pool
The sum of all of the different genes and alleles that are present in a population.
What is Genetic diversity measure by?
Genetic diversity is measured by reference to the population’s gene pool
Allele frequencies
The proportion of a particular allele in a gene pool.
What are mutations responsible for?
Introducing new alleles into a population via permanent changes to DNA in an individual’s germline cells.
For mutations to be inheritable …
they must occur within germline sells. (gonads)
What can mutations be classified as?
Advantageous, neutral, or deleterious.
Sexual reproduction
- A specific reproductive strategy that involves the fusion of two haploid gametes from two parents.
- Process known as fertilisation to form a single, genetically unique, diploid zygote.
How can methods of sexual reproduction be different?
- fertilisation
- location of embryonic development
- the number of offspring produced per reproductive cycle
- the amount of parental care invested in each offspring.
Pollination
Sexual reproduction in plants
Pollinators can be …
Biotic or abiotic
What do pollinators do?
They move the pollen from one plant to another
Biotic
Living organisms such as insects or birds
Abiotic
Non-living methods such as wind or water.
What are the Advantaged and disadvantages of internal fertilisation/external development
-large numbers of offspring
-eggs left vulnerable whilst developing
