Sexual repro. in flowering plants

Question 1

What is Pericarp? Name its types

Answer 1

The wall of fruit; covers and protects the seed… 3 types, 1. epicarp, 2. Mesocarp, 3. Endocarp

Question 2

What is megasporangium?

Answer 2

It’s the angiosperm ovule

Question 3

What is megasporogenesis?

Answer 3

Process of formation of megaspore from the megaspore mother cell (MMC) is known as megasporogenesis

Question 4

A typical angiosperm is ________ and they are_______

Answer 4

Bilobed, dithecous

Question 5

The microsporangia develop further in

Answer 5

Pollen sacs

Question 6

What the the four main layers of microsporangium?

Answer 6

Epidermis, endothecium, middle layers, tapetum.

Question 7

What is the job of all 4 layers?

Answer 7

Tapetum nourishes the developing pollen grains and the other three helps in dehiscence and protection of anthers

Question 8

What is the ploidy of a microspore tetrad?

Answer 8

Haploid (n)

Question 9

What is the intine is made up of?

Answer 9

Cellulose and pectose

Question 10

Name some pollen allergy due to carrot grass

Answer 10

Asthma, breathing problems, bronchiole afflictions

Question 11

What is the pollen viability of Rosaceae, Solanaceae and Leguminoceae?

Answer 11

Its upto few months

Question 12

What is apocarpous and syncarpous? Give examples

Answer 12

Apocarpous: free ovary, Eg: Michelia
Syncarpous: Fuse ovary, Eg: Papaver

Question 13

When 2 polar nuclei fuses, what is that called?

Answer 13

Dipole secondary nuclei

Question 14

Why is megasporangium is called as anatropous?

Answer 14

Anatropous means something upside down. the ovule bends over so that the micropyle comes close to the funicle (stalk).

Question 15

What are integuments? What they turn into after fertilisation?

Answer 15

Shield of inner parts of ovule, they turn into seed coat after fertilisation

Question 16

How many meiosis and mitosis are required to form embryo sac?

Answer 16

1 meiosis and 3 mitosis

Question 17

What is filiform apparatus?

Answer 17

Special thickenings that secrete chemicals to guide pollen tube in embryo sac

Question 18

Name the type of pollination

Answer 18

Autogamy: sex within same flower
Geitonogamy: sex within same plant, but diff flower; functionally cross polli.
Xenogamy: Sex with diff. plant of same species

Question 19

Name the 2 type of flower

Answer 19

Chasmogamous: On shoots; and Cleistogamy: on roots

Question 20

Where does the free nuclear endosperm in coconut go which remains after the kernel formation?

Answer 20

It is used up during the germination of the coconut into plant

Question 21

What is perisperm? Give its examples.

Answer 21

Remnants of nucellus also persists. That residual is k/a perisperm. Eg: Beet and Black pepper

Question 22

How much dry does a seed become by percentage to slow down its metabolic rate?

Answer 22

10-15% moisture by mass

Question 23

What can a fruit be called as w.r.t ovary?

Answer 23

A matured ovary

Question 24

What are hermaphrodite flowers?

Answer 24

Simple, Bisexual flowers

Question 25

Why double fertilisation is also termed as triple fusion?

Answer 25

Since it involves fusion with 3 (n) nucleus, its termed as triple fusion

Question 26

Name the 4 types of embryo in serial order

Answer 26

1- proembryo, 2- globular, 3. Heart shaped, 4. mature embryo

Question 27

A typical dicot seed combines of______

Answer 27

One embryonal axis and 2 cotyledons.

Question 28

In grass family, cotyledon is c/a______

Answer 28

Scutellum

Question 29

In monocots, the second, rather degenerated cotyledon is called as ________

Answer 29

Epiblast

Question 30

The portion of embryonal axis above the cotyledons in dicot seed is___________

Answer 30

Epicotyl, which consists of plumule or shoot tip

Question 31

The portion below the cotyledon level in dicot seed is __________

Answer 31

Hypocotyl; constitutes the radicle or root tip

Question 32

The undifferentiated sheath on monocots is k/a ________

Answer 32

Coleorrhiza

Question 33

Main difference b/w false and true fruits?

Answer 33

Presence and absence of contribution of thalamus in fruit formation respectively

Question 34

What are parthenocarpic fruits?

Answer 34

The fruits which are formed w/o fertilisation. Eg: banana, pineapple, etc.

Question 35

How can parthenocarpy be induced in other fruits?

Answer 35

Through the application of growth hormone

Question 36

Name the oldest seed found in history

Answer 36

Lupine, Lupinous articus, excavated from the Arctic Tundra. Est. 10,000 years old.

Question 37

What is apomixis? Name some egs

Answer 37

Production of seeds w/o fertilisation; a type of asexual fertilisation which mimics sexual reproduction. Eg: Species of Asteraceae and grasses

Question 38

What is polyembryony?

Answer 38

Wen nucellar cells start dividing, protrude in the embryo sac and devp. in embryos. Occurence of 1+ embryo in a seed is k/a polyembryony