Sexual Offenders Flashcards
do sex offenders recidivate?
not often
more of a chance for them to recidivate non-sexually due to sex offender registry, harder to get jobs, isolated from others
are all sexual offenders sexually deviant?
no.
rape can be about demonstrating power or humiliation people
pedophilia vs paraphilia?
paraphila -> sexually deviant fantasy/idea that might not be acted on but is disturbing
pedophilia -> a type of paraphila
victim characteristics
younger
knows the offender in some capacity
consumed alcohol
risk taking
doesn’t recognize risk/doesn’t think it’ll happen to them
offender characteristics
typically young
prior criminal history
sexual abuse common w/ juvenile offenders
age 18 (same age offending)
age 32 (against children)
Lowenstein’s study
asked group whether they would commit offences based on if they thought they’d get away with it
got males to masturbate beforehand
Knight and Sims-Knight’s pathways
physical/verbal abuse during childhood leads to three pathways
type 1: lack of empathy, remorse, manipulative tendancies (interpersonal and affective)
type 2: impulsivity, irresponsibility, stimulation seeking (lifestyle and antisocial)
type 3: always thinking about sex, sexual deviancy, hypermasculinity
Finkelhor’s model
why do people rape children?
1 - emotional congruence
feels closer to children than adults
2 - sexual arousal
sexually deviant
3 - blockage
repressed, blocked opportunities; children are ez
4 - disinhibition
low self control, alcohol/drugs, act on impulse
Seto and Barbaree’s developmental model
AL path (once and then never again)
pedophilia path
LCP path
psychopathy
competitive disadvantage
Marshall and Barbaree’s INTEGRATED THEORY
(a) why certain individuals are more likely to be abused
(b) why abused individuals are more likely to sexually offend
insecure attachment with parents increase chance of being abused
after abuse, harder to connect with other ppl
unable to form prosocial bonds
blocked off from consensual activities
paraphilia
intense sexual fantasy/urge/behaviour
must occur over 6 months
pedophilia
person has to be over 16 and 5 yrs older than victim
neurological cross wiring
Dunkefeld Project
started in berlin
Get help for pedophiles without being arrested
75% reported one form of child sexual abuse
psychopathy symptoms and sexual assault
behaviour/lifestyle -> capitalize on opportunities due to impulsive decision making
antisociality
interpersonal -> manipulate and dominate others
affective -> unemotional connection, no deterrence
