Sexual function, dysfunction and deviance

Question 1

Four phased model of sexual response

Answer 1

○ Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, and Resolution

Question 2

substance stimuli is called

Answer 2

aphrodisiac

Question 3

Excitement is Characterized by two physiological processes

Answer 3

○ Vasocongestion: Increase in blood flow to body tissues, especially genital
tissue
chest and torso (Women more common)
○ Myotonia: Voluntary/involuntary tensing/contracting of muscles throughout the body, genital
region

Question 4

_____: Increase in blood flow to body tissues, especially genital
tissue

Answer 4

Vasocongestion

Question 5

_____: Voluntary/involuntary tensing/contracting of muscles throughout the body, genital
region

Answer 5

Myotonia

Question 6

Plateau

Answer 6

● Sexual tension continues to increase
● Vasocongestion and myotonia become more pronounced
● Considered an extension of the excitement phase
● Prolonging this phase is known as “edging” and may enhance the pleasure of a
subsequent orgasm

Question 7

Resolution

Answer 7

● Occurs once all stimulation stops
● Resolution can occur after any of the prior phases
● Genitals return to their non-aroused state
● Heart rate and breathing slow
● This phase can take minutes to hours
● Behaviors during this phase vary
○ Relaxation and sleep
○ Cuddling or physical intimacy

Question 8

T/F Problems in one sexual stage do not necessarily translate to problems
in other stages

Answer 8

T

Question 9

_____ is a disturbance in one or more phases of the sexual response cycle

Answer 9

Sexual Dysfunction

Question 10

● A survey of middle-aged adults found ___ % of men and ____% of women in
the general population reported some degree of sexual dysfunction

Answer 10

31; 43

Question 11

Prolonging this phase is known as “edging” and may enhance the pleasure of a
subsequent orgasm

Answer 11

plateau

Question 12

Considered an extension of the excitement phase

Answer 12

plateau

Question 13

Five areas to address with patients who present with sexual problems:

Answer 13

1. Explicit symptoms or questions the patient is having
2. Onset and course of symptoms
3. Patient’s perception of the cause and maintenance of the problem
4. Medical evaluation, including medical history, past treatment, and
   outcome
5. Current expectations and goals for treatment

Question 14

Medical Conditions & Treatments that affect sexual performance

Answer 14

● Arthritis, bone/joint disease
● Diabetes mellitus
● Endocrine problems
● Injury to autonomic nervous system by surgery or radiation
● Liver or renal failure
● Vascular Disease
● Mood disorders
etc.

Question 15

Non-prescription medicines that have side effects of sexual issues

Answer 15

Some over-the-counter antihistamines and decongestants can cause
erectile dysfunction or problems with ejaculation.

Question 16

Sexual side effects of antidepressants

Answer 16

● Tricyclic antidepressants, including amitriptyline (Elavil), doxepin
(Sinequan), imipramine (Tofranil), and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor)
● Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), including phenelzine (Nardil)
and tranylcypromine (Parnate)
● Antipsychotic medications, including thioridazine (Mellaril), thiothixene
(Navane), and haloperidol (Haldol)
● Anti-mania medications such as lithium carbonate (Eskalith, Lithobid)
● Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine
(Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), and paroxetine (Paxil).

Question 17

The following medications may cause erectile dysfunction:

Answer 17

● Anti-hypertensive medications (used to treat high blood pressure)
○ Diuretics, including spironolactone (Aldactone) and the thiazides (Diuril, Naturetin, and others)
○ Centrally acting agents, including methyldopa (Aldomet) and reserpine (Serpasil, Raudixin)
○ a-Adrenergic blockers, including prazosin (Minipress) and terazosin (Hytrin)
○ b-adrenergic (beta) blockers, including propranolol (Inderal) and metoprolol (Lopressor)

Question 18

The following medications may decrease sexual desire:

Answer 18

● Hormones
○ Leuprolide (Lupron)
○ Goserelin (Zoladex)

Question 19

_____: behavior that significantly differs from cultural norms for a person’s birth sex

Answer 19

Gender-nonconforming Behaviors

Question 20

It is often part of normal childhood development for a child to experiment with behaviors outside the norm.

Answer 20

Gender-nonconforming Behaviors

Question 21

Gender Dysphoria

Answer 21

If the perceived mismatch between birth sex and the internal sense of gender identity causes significant distress or functional impairment, a clinical diagnosis of gender dysphoria may be appropriate

Question 22

Gender Dysphoria in children

Answer 22

Marked incongruence between a child’s gender assigned at birth and
their experienced and/or expressed gender. Symptoms can include the following:

Question 23

Gender dysphoria in adults

Answer 23

Marked incongruence between a person’s assigned gender/secondary sexual
characteristics, and their experienced and/or expressed gender. Symptoms can include the following

Question 24

Paraphilias

Answer 24

Any intense and persistent sexual interest, attraction, or behavior that is outside the
phenotypic or culturally normal range of sex interest

Question 25

Paraphilias - Voyeuristic Disorder

Answer 25

Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis: Sexual arousal or satisfaction from
observing an unsuspecting victim naked or engaging in sexual activity (peeping tom)

Question 26

Paraphilias - Exibitionistic Disorder

Answer 26

Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis: Sexual arousal from displaying their genitals to an
unsuspecting victim.

Question 27

Paraphilias - Frotteuristic Disorder

Answer 27

Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis: Sexual arousal from touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person.
○ Legal Ramifications: Depends on the extent of touching, but often results in sexual
assault.

Question 28

Paraphilias - Sexual Masochism Disorder

Answer 28

Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis: Sexual arousal from the act of being beaten,
humiliated, bound, or generally made to suffer.
○ Can include bondage, beating/whipping, electrical shock, cutting, object insertion
into orifices, urinated or defecated on, hypoxyphilia and asphyxiophilia (Arousal
caused by oxygen deficiency)

Question 29

Paraphilias - Sexual Sadism Disorder

Answer 29

Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis: Sexual arousal from the physical or psychological
suffering of a non-consenting person. Disorder occurs when the perpetrator has
acted on this urge on another.

Question 30

Paraphilias - Pedophilic Disorder

Answer 30

Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis: Sexual arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors
involving sexulal activity with a prepubescent child (usually under age 13)
○ Perpetrator must be at least 16 and at least 5 years older than the child.
○ Symptoms usually include extensive use of child pornography
○ Legal Ramifications: Acting on this is often considered rape.

Question 31

Paraphilias - Fetishistic Disorder

Answer 31

Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis: Sexual arousal from non-sexual inanimate
objects or nongenital body parts that causes clinically significant distress or
impairment.
○ Objects can include underwear, shoes, or other clothing. Body parts can include feet,
toes, and hair.
○ Activities can include holding, tasting, rubbing, inserting, or smelling objects, often
during sexual activity.