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M2M- Unit II > Sexual development > Flashcards

Sexual development Flashcards

1
Q

4th week of conception

A

Primordial germ cells form in wall of yolk sac

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2
Q

5th week of conception

A

Coelomic epithelium becomes genital ridge

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3
Q

6th week of conception

A

Primordial germ cells migrate to the dorsal mesentary of the hindgut and enter the undifferentiated gonad
Epithelial cells of gonadal ridge proliferate and form primitive sex cords

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4
Q

7th week of conception

A

Differentiation of genital ridge into
Sertoli cells - eventually produce
sperm
Leydig cells – interstitial cells

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5
Q

8th week of conception

A

Leydig cells begin producing testosterone
Sertoli cells begin producing Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH)
Primitive sex cords differentiate into
Testis cords & rete testis, eventually to become seminipherous tubules during puberty

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6
Q

Male genital duct

A

mesonephric (wolffian) duct

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7
Q

TFs responsible for production of Anti-mullerian hormone

A

SRY gene and SOX9 gene

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8
Q

Anti-mullerian hormone function

A

Causes regression of paramesonephric duct

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9
Q

FGF9 is essential for ___

A

Differentiation of the testes

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10
Q

_____ stimulates differentiation of the Sertoli and Leydig cells

A

SF1/NR5A1

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11
Q

Mesonephric ducts form (3)

A

Epididymis
seminal vesicles
vas deferens

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12
Q

Female genital duct

A

paramesonephric (mullerian) ducts

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13
Q

Protein responsible for differentiation of the ovary

A

WNT4

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14
Q

WNT4 is inhibited by ____

A

SOX9

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15
Q

DHH gene is upregulated by ____ and downregulates _____.

A

WNT4

SOX9

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16
Q

Coactivator of the WNT pathway

A

RSPO1 gene

17
Q

Mellerian ducts become

A 
uterus
cervix
broad ligament
fallopian tubes
upper 1/3 of vagina
18
Q

External genitalia originate from the ____

A

urogenital sinus

19
Q

androgen exposure leads to formation of: (3)

A

penis
scrotum
location of urethral opening

20
Q

estrogen exposure leads to formation of: (3)

A

clit
labias
lower 2/3 of vagina

21
Q

Denys-Drash and Frasier syndrome

A

sex reversal with 46, XY

22
Q

Denys-Drash and Frasier syndrome mutation

A

WT1 gene

WT1 transcription factor for SRY gene

23
Q

Denys-Drash and Frasier Syndrome clinical manifestations

A

Chronic kidney disease

increased risk for Wilms Tumor

24
Q

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

A

Ambiguous genetalia in 46, XY

25
Q

Deficiency in congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A

21-hydroxylase deficiency

26
Q

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia clinical manifestation

A

decreased sodium and chloride

increased potassium

M2M- Unit II (7 decks)

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