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N216 > Sex pt 2 > Flashcards

Sex pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Disorders of the prostate gland

A 
benign prostatic hyperplasia 
Acute bacterial Prostatis
Chronic Bacterial Prostatis
Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatic
Chronic prostatic/ chronic pelvis pain syndrome
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2
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Enlargement of the prostate gland
Symptoms associated with urethral compression
Relationship to aging

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3
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia evaluation

A

Digital rectal examination

Prostate specific antigen monitoring

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4
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia is treated with

A

Medications to shrink prostate

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5
Q

What are two medications that will shrink the prostate

A

a1- adrenergic blockers

Antiandrogen agents

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6
Q

Acute bacterial Prostatis

A

Ascending infection of the urinary tract

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7
Q

Acute bacterial Prostatis Infection stimulates …

A

an inflammatory response in which the prostate becomes enlarged, tender, firm, or boggy

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8
Q

Acute bacterial Prostatis Manifestations

A

same as UTI or pyelonephritis

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9
Q

Acute bacterial Prostatis treated with

A

antibiotics

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10
Q

Chronic Bacterial Prostatis

A

Recurrent UTI symptoms and persistence of pathogenic bacteria in urine or prostatic fluid

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11
Q

Chronic Bacterial Prostatis Symptoms

A

Similar to those with acute bladder infection

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12
Q

Chronic Bacterial Prostatis Treatment

A

Treatment is difficult because it is often caused by prostatic calculi that harbour bacteria
Surgical intervention for permanent cure

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13
Q

Chronic prostatic/ chronic pelvis pain syndrome

A

refers to inflammatory to chronic pelvis pain syndrome
WBC elevated and localized to prostate
persistent annoying symptoms

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14
Q

Chronic prostatic/ chronic pelvis pain syndrome Diagnosed when…

A

No pathogenic bacteria can be localized to the prostate

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15
Q

Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatis

A

Asymptomatic but there is an increase in bacteria and WBC localized to the prostate

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16
Q

Prostate Cancer is often asyptomatic until..

A

advanced

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17
Q

Prostate cancer risk factors

A

Dietary Factors
Hormones
Vasectomy
Chronic inflammation

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18
Q

Prostate Cancer Evaluation

A

Screening that includes digital rectal examination and prostate specific antigen blood test

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19
Q

Prostate Cancer Treatment

A

Depends on age and health of the individual, stage of the neoplasm and anticipated effects

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20
Q

Disorders of the male breast

A

Gynecomastia

Carcinoma

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21
Q

Gynecomastia

A

Overdevelopment of the breast tissue in male

Results from hormonal alterations

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22
Q

Carcinoma

A

Tumours resemble carcinomas of the breast in women

Crusting and nipple discharge are common clinical manifestations

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23
Q

Andogenic Antagonists

A

Block the effects of naturally occurring androgens

5-a reductase inhibitors

24
Q

Andogenic Antagonists treatment for

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment

25
Q

Andogenic Antagonists examples

A

Finasteride

Dutasteride

26
Q

Androgens Mechanism of action

A

stimulate normal growth and development of the male sex organs
development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics
Stimulate increased synthesis of body proteins, aiding in the formation of muscular and skeletal proteins
Enhanced erythropoiesis

27
Q

Finasteride (Proscar)

A

Inhibition of 5-a reductase prevents the thinning of hair caused by increased levels of 5a-dihydrotesterone (DHT)
Treatment for Male pattern baldness

28
Q

Finasteride (Proscar) treating women.

A

Not for treatment of female baldness
Teratogenic in pregnant women
Use in women of any age is not recommended
Women need to wear gloves when handling finasteride

29
Q

Androgen Receptor Blockers

A

Block the activity of androgen hormones at target tissue receptors

30
Q

Androgen Receptor Blockers used to treat …

A

Prostate cancer

31
Q

examples of Androgen Receptor Blockers

A

Flutamide (Eulflex)
Nilutamide (Anandron)
Bicalutamide (Casodex)

32
Q

Gonadotropin- Releasing Hormone Analogues Action

A

Inhibit the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, which eventually leads to a decrease in testosterone production

33
Q

Gonadotropin- Releasing Hormone Analogues USED TO TREAT

A

Prostate Cancer

34
Q

Gonadotropin- Releasing Hormone Analogues examples

A

Goserelin (Zoladex)
Leuprolide (Lupron)
Triptorelin (Trelstar)

35
Q

a1-adrenergic Blockers

A

Used for symptomatic relief of obstruction caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia

36
Q

a1-adrenergic Blockers examples

A 
Doxazosin (Cardura)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Terazosin (Hytrin)
Alfuzosin (Xatral)
Silodosin (Rapaflo)
37
Q

a1-adrenergic Blockers Have clinical effects of…

A

Prostate Shrinkage

38
Q

5-a Reductase inhibitors may take up to _____ For clinical effects of prostate shrinkage

A

6 months of continual therapy

39
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors are used to treat…

A

Erectile dysfunction

40
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra)

A

First oral drug for treatment of ED

Causes relaxation of the smooth muscle in the corpora cavernous of the penis and permits the inflow of blood

41
Q

Drugs that are similar to viagra but have a longer duration of action

A

Vardenafil (Levitra)

Tadalfil (Cialis)

42
Q

Tadalfil & Vardenafil under the trade names Revatio and Adcirca are also used to treat

A

Pulmonary hypertension

43
Q

Alprostadil (Caverject)

A

Prostaglandin

44
Q

Alprostadil (Caverject) Administration

A

Injecting directly into the erectile tissue of the penis or by pushing a suppository form of the drug into the urethra

45
Q

Mens health drugs Indications

A

Primary use: replacement therapy

Other issues vary with the specific medication

46
Q

Mens health drugs Contraindications

A

Known androgen-responsive tumours
sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil: contraindicated for men with major cardiovascular disorders, especially if they use nitrate medications such as nitroglycerin

47
Q

Mens health drugs Adverse effects

A

Androgens cause fluid retention

48
Q

Priapism

A

Abnormally prolonged penile erection

49
Q

Finasteride

A

loss of libido, loss of erection, ejaculatory dysfunction, hypersensitivity reactions, gynecomastia, severe myopathy, and a 50% decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations

50
Q

Androgens with oral anticoagulants

A

significantly increase or decrease anticoagulant activity

51
Q

Androgens with Cyclosporine

A

Increase the risk of cyclosporin activity

52
Q

Androgens with Sildenafil, vardenafil, and tadalafil

A

Cause severe hypotension when given together with nitrates such as nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate, or isosorbide dinitrate.

53
Q

Androgens and a-blockers

A

Additive hypotension when given with other drugs that lower blood pressure

54
Q

Saw Palmetto

A

Herbal product

Used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and alopecia

55
Q

Saw Palmetto Adverse effects

A

Gastrointestinal Upset
Headache
Back pain
Dysuria

N216 (5 decks)

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