sex education

Question 1

What is chlamydia?

Answer 1

Chlamydia is a bacterial infection.

The bacteria are usually spread through sex or contact with infected genital fluids (semen or vaginal fluid).

Question 2

What are the symptoms of chlamydia?

Answer 2

Women: bleeding between periods/heavier periods, bleeding after sex, lower abdominal pain, unusual discharge, pain when passing urine
Men: white/cloudy discharge from penis, pain when passing urine, pain in the testicles

Question 3

Test for chlamydia?

Answer 3

Vaginal swab (women)
Urine sample (men)

Question 4

Treatment for chlamydia?

Answer 4

Doxycycline
-initially 200mg daily in 1-2 doses for 1 day then maintenance 100mg daily for 7 days
Azithromycin
-1g for one dose

Question 5

If Chlamydia is left untreated it can cause …..

Answer 5

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) in women
Long-term pelvic pain, blocked fallopian tubes, infertility and ectopic pregnancy
In men, can cause testicular infection (epididymal-orchitis) and decreased fertility

Question 6

What is Gonorrhoea?

Answer 6

Is spread through unprotected vaginal, oral or anal sex, sharing unwashed sex toys

Question 7

What are the symptoms of Gonorrhoea?

Answer 7

Women: bleeding between periods/heavier periods, lower abdominal pain, unusual discharge, pain when passing urine
Men: green/yellow discharge from the penis, pain when passing urine, pain in the testicles

Question 8

Test for Gonorrhoea?

Answer 8

Vaginal/rectal swab (women/men)
Urine sample (men)

Question 9

Treatment for Gonorrhoea?

Answer 9

IM Ceftriaxone 1 dose

Question 10

What are genital warts?

Answer 10

Spread by skin-to-skin contact, such as that during vaginal or anal sex or they may be transferred by sharing sex toys
Can be spread even if no active warts seen

Question 11

Symptoms of genital warts?

Answer 11

Small, fleshy growth that appears on or around the genital area
Usually not painful

Question 12

Test for genital warts?

Answer 12

Examination of the area

Question 13

Treatment for genital warts?

Answer 13

Creams or liquids, cryotherapy (frozen off), laser therapy

Podophyllotoxin cream, Imiquimod cream, trichloroacetic acid.

Question 14

Genital Herpes

Answer 14

Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (can also be HSV-1)

Spread through intimate sexual contact, vaginal, anal or oral sex.

Question 15

Symptoms of genital herpes

Answer 15

Blistering of genitals, leaving open red sores

Tingling/burning/itching/pain on urination

Question 16

Test for genital herpes?

Answer 16

Swab from blister

Question 17

Treatment for genital herpes?

Answer 17

Antiviral medications
Can be treated, but not cured
-Treatment of 1st episode- Acyclovir 200mg 5 times a day, alternatively 400mg 3 times a day, usually for 5 days
-Recurrent infection- Acyclovir 800mg 3 times a day for 2 days, alternatively 200mg 5 times a day for 5 days, alternatively 400mg 3 times a day for 3-5 days

Question 18

Syphilis

Answer 18

Spread through vaginal, anal, oral sex or by sharing sex toys. Through contact with the ulcers of someone with syphilis

Question 19

Symptoms of Syphilis

Answer 19

Primary: Genital ulcers
Secondary: Rash on hands and feet, fever, headaches, tiredness
Tertiary: If left untreated, can spread to the brain and cause long term damage

Question 20

Tests for Syphilis

Answer 20

Blood test

Question 21

Treatment for Syphilis

Answer 21

Benzathine benzylpenicillin IM injection or azithromycin 500mg OD for 5 days

Question 22

Trichomoniasis

Answer 22

Nearly always passed on through unprotected vaginal sex
You can’t get trichomonas from anal or oral sex
Need to treat partners

Question 23

Symptoms of Trichomoniasis

Answer 23

Abnormal, pale-green smelly discharge, soreness, redness, itching, pain when urinating

Question 24

HIV

Answer 24

Spread through infected blood, semen, vaginal and anal fluids, breast milk

Question 25

Symptoms of HIV

Answer 25

Shortly after infection: flu-like fever, rash, joint and muscle pain
Late stage: diarrhoea, night sweats, weight loss, recurrent infections
If untreated, leads to AIDS

Question 26

Test for HIV

Answer 26

Blood test – p24 antigen and PCR

Question 27

Treatment for HIV

Answer 27

Anti-retroviral therapy
Treatable but not curable
Undetectable viral load = not transmissible

Question 28

Pubic lice

Answer 28

Spread through skin-to-skin contact so condoms may reduce transmission but do not prevent

Question 29

Symptoms of Pubic lice

Answer 29

Often visible, itching, irritation, black powdery droppings from the lice in your underwear

Question 30

Test for pubic lice

Answer 30

Examination

Question 31

Treatment for pubic lice

Answer 31

Topical insecticide- Permethrin and malathion. Aqueous preparation should be applied, allowed to dry naturally and washed off after 12 hours; a second treatment is needed after 7 days.

Question 32

Bacterial Vaginosis

Answer 32

Not fully understood
Less normal vaginal bacteria, overgrowth of other types of bacteria, change in pH
Increased risk: perfumed soaps, douching, vaginal deodorant, smoking
No need to treat partners

Question 33

Symptoms of bacterial vaginosis

Answer 33

Change in vaginal discharge (watery, grey, ‘fishy’)

Question 34

Test Bacterial Vaginosis

Answer 34

Swab

Question 35

Treatment for bacterial vaginosis

Answer 35

Metronidazole 400-500mg twice daily for 5-7 days, or 2g for one dose.
Metronidazole gel- 1 applicatorful daily for 5 days, dose at night

Question 36

Thrush

Answer 36

Thrush is a common yeast infection that affects men and women. It’s usually harmless but it can be uncomfortable and keep coming back. It is not classed as a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

Question 37

Symptoms of thrush

Answer 37

Itching, soreness, redness around the vagina or vulva
Unusual white discharge (‘cottage cheese’) which doesn’t usually smell
Pain when passing urine

Question 38

Test for thrush

Answer 38

Examination and swab

Question 39

Treatment for thrush

Answer 39

Antifungal imidazole e.g. clotrimazole/miconazole topical creams, fluconazole 150mg for 1 dose